Mosquito-borne diseases like dengue, malaria, lymphatic filariasis, Japanese encephalitis are major public health problems in India. Effective control of vector borne diseases is possible by early diagnosis and prompt treatment on one hand and effective vector control following integrated approach on the other hand. Intervention measures to restrict the transmission of mosquito-borne diseases b...

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), also known as kala-azar in the Indian sub-continent (ISC), is a major public health concern in Bangladesh, India, and Nepal, where it is caused by Leishmania donovani transmitted by the sand fly Phlebotomus argentipes. Various ecological parameters including air temperature, rainfall, wind speed, relative humidity, soil moisture, pH, and organic carbon ar...

It has long been our view that improvements in gilt development programs can lead to major improvements in breeding herd efficiency. Whether gilts are reared in ‘in-house’ gilt multiplication systems, or supplied by a breeding company, available data suggest that the proper selection and management of replacement gilts has an impact on lifetime non-productive days (NPD). As discussed later, we ...

The use of larvicides, especially in endemic regions, is recommended for malaria control. However, due to the excessive synthetic resistance mosquitoes and environmental pollution have been challenges. In current study, nanoliposome containing clove cinnamon essential oils their major ingredients, i.e., eugenol cinnamaldehyde, were first prepared; particle size successful loading investigated u...

The frequency of Bromeliaceae and other plant breeding places where Aedes aegypti can be found is reported during two consecutive operational cycles (focal treatment) in the city of Rio de Janeiro. These cycles took place from November 12 2000 to March 9 2001 and from March 12 2001 to June 15 2001. This study concentrates on the epidemiological implications resulting from the growing use of the...

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