BACKGROUND Severe depression can increase the risk of psychiatric hospitalization, as well as inpatient and outpatient care; it may also lead to long-term absenteeism from work. However, the cost-effectiveness of antidepressant therapy for severe depression has been little studied. OBJECTIVE The aim of this work was to investigate the cost-effectiveness of escitalopram compared with citalopra...

Two experiments were conducted to assay digesta viscosity and metabolizable energy values of different cereal-based diets with or without enzyme supplementation in growing turkeys and broiler chickens at 3 and 6 weeks of age and in laying hens. Age, feeding and poultry species had interacting effects on digesta viscosity and metabolizable energy. Viscosity was reduced with age in broilers, but ...

C. Wilkinson,1, 2, ∗ R. Terri,3, † C. Andreopoulos,4, 5 A. Bercellie,6 C. Bronner,7 S. Cartwright,2 P. de Perio,8, ‡ J. Dobson,9, § K. Duffy,10 A.P. Furmanski,11, ¶ L. Haegel,12 Y. Hayato,13, 14 A. Kaboth,15, 4 K. Mahn,16 K.S. McFarland,6 J. Nowak,17 A. Redij,1 P. Rodrigues,6 F. Sánchez,18 J.D. Schwehr,19 P. Sinclair,9 J.T. Sobczyk,20 P. Stamoulis,21 P. Stowell,2 R. Tacik,22, 23 L. Thompson,2 S...

OBJECTIVE To compare the implications of four widely used cholesterol screening and treatment guidelines by applying them to a population in the United Kingdom. DESIGN Guidelines were applied to population based data from a cross sectional study of cardiovascular disease and risk factors. SETTING Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom. SUBJECTS General population sample (predominantly of Eur...

Sentinel ducks and domestic turkey flocks were monitored for influenza infection during a 4-year period. The onset of infection among ducks was similar each year, occurring in late July or early August. Influenza in turkeys was also shown to be seasonal, but the usual onset was 6 to 8 weeks after the detection of influenza in sentinel ducks. Possible explanations for the delayed infection in tu...

Biochemical and serological studies were conducted on 73 Pasteurella multocida isolants associated with fowl cholera, 13 from waterfowl, 19 from free-flying birds other than waterfowl, 18 from chickens, 5 from turkeys, and 18 from White Pekin ducks. Three serotypes (1, 3, and 7) were associated with waterfowl, four (1, 3, 6, and 8) with free-flying birds, three (1, 3, and 4) with chickens, one ...

The pathogenesis, virus shedding, and serologic response in specific-pathogen-free (SPF) chickens and commercial turkeys against H4, H6, and H9 type low pathogenic avian influenza viruses (LPAI) from wild birds was examined. Four-week-old chickens and three-week-old turkeys were given 1 x 10(6) EID50 of LPAI per bird, intrachoanally, and examined for clinical signs for 3 wk. Oropharyngeal and c...

Digital archives contribute to Big Data. Combining social network analysis, coincidence analysis, data reduction, and visual analytics leads to better characterize topics over time, publishers ́ main themes and best authors of all times, according to the British newspaper The Guardian and from the 3 million records of the British National bibliography.

The study was conducted to investigate the effects of wheat based diet on the pathology of necrotic enteritis in turkeys. Turkeys were divided into four groups. Groups A and B were kept as noninoculated and fed normal commercial diet while groups C and D were challenged orally with C. perfringens and fed wheat based diet to promote the development of experimental disease. Infected turkeys showe...