Humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) are known for the variety and complexity of their feeding behaviors. Here we report on the use of synchronous motion and acoustic recording tags (DTAGs) to provide the first detailed kinematic descriptions of humpback whales using bottom side-rolls (BSRs) to feed along the seafloor. We recorded 3,505 events from 19 animals (individual range 8–722). By an...

Retrotransposons contribute significantly to the evolution of eukaryotic genomes. They replicate by producing DNA copies of their own RNA, which are integrated at new locations in the host cell genome. In the gene-dense genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum, retrotransposon TRE5-A avoids insertional mutagenesis by targeting the transcription factor (TF) IIIC/IIIB complex and inte...

More than 40 years ago Kent Flannery coined the term Broad Spectrum Revolution (BSR) in reference to a broadening of the subsistence base of Late Pleistocene hunter–gatherers in the Near East that preceded and helped pave the way for the domestication and plants and animals and the emergence of agriculture. Set within a demographic density model that projected differential rates of population g...

Blind Source Recovery (BSR) is an interesting autonomous and unsupervised stochastic adaptation problem that includes the well-known blind adaptive problems of Blind Source Separation (BSS), Deconvolution (BSD) and Equalization (BSE). BSR includes also the nonlinear case and hences focuses on reproducing or estimating the source signals even if environment identifiction is not achieved. A numbe...

Various estimators of the autoregressive model exist. We compare their performance in estimating the autocorrelation in short time series. In Study 1, under correct model specification, we compare the frequentist r1 estimator, C-statistic, ordinary least squares estimator (OLS) and maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), and a Bayesian method, considering flat (Bf) and symmetrized reference (Bsr) p...

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was cloning and expression of rabies virus glycoprotein by a eukaryotic expression plasmid pcDNA3.1(+) in BSR cell line. This construct might be used for a potential DNA vaccine. Materials and Methods: Glycoprotein gene was synthesized and cloned into pBluescript vector and then sub cloned into eukaryotic expression vector (pcDNA3.1(+)). After verifica...

BACKGROUND The relationship between measures of drug effect such as bispectral index (BIS) and end-tidal (ET) levels of anaesthetic agents is described by the 'effect site equilibrium half-time', t(1/2)(ke0). There are limited data available on sevoflurane t(1/2)(ke0) during routine anaesthesia and surgery. Preliminary observations suggested t(1/2)(ke0) for the degree of hypnosis as estimated b...

Ocean Drilling Program and Deep Sea Drilling Project downhole data from three areas, the southwestern Japan Nankai margin, the continental slope off Peru, and the Blake-Bahama Outer Ridge, provide temperature calibrations for bottom simulating reflectors (BSR) that mark the base of a clathrate hydrate stability field. The inferred temperatures at BSRs provide an important reference for the mapp...

The neural substrate of brain stimulation reward (BSR) has eluded identification since its discovery more than a half-century ago. Notwithstanding the difficulties in identifying the neuronal integrator of BSR, the mesocorticolimbic dopamine (DA) system originating in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain has been implicated. We have previously demonstrated that the firing rate of a ...

As mobile ad hoc network applications are deployed, security emerges as a central requirement..Position aided routing protocols can offer a significant performance increase over traditional ad hoc routing protocols. Boundary State Routing (BSR) is a geographic routing protocol which routes the data using the location of the nodes. Geographic routing protocols are known to be particularly suscep...