Plant activators are chemicals that induce disease resistance. The phytohormone salicylic acid (SA) is a crucial signal for systemic acquired resistance (SAR), and SA-mediated resistance is a target of several commercial plant activators, including Actigard (1,2,3-benzothiadiazole-7-thiocarboxylic acid-S-methyl-ester, BTH) and Tiadinil [N-(3-chloro-4-methylphenyl)-4-methyl-1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-c...

Volume estimation is a fundamental problem in the morphometric study of impact craters. The Top Hat Transform function (TH), a gray-level image processing technique has already been applied to gray-level Digital Elevation Model (DEM) to extract peaks and pits in a nonuniform background. In this study, an updated Black Top Hat Transform function (BTH) was applied to quantify the volume of lunar ...

Plants, as sessile organisms, survive environmental changes by prioritizing their responses to the most life-threatening stress by allocating limited resources. Previous studies showed that pathogen resistance was suppressed under abiotic stresses. Here, we show the mechanism underlying this phenomenon. Phosphorylation of WRKY45, the central transcription factor in salicylic-acid (SA)-signallin...

Increasingly accelerated urbanization and socio-economic development can cause a series of environmental problems. Accurate and efficient monitoring of the geographical conditions is important for achieving sustainable development. This paper presents the first results of the project “Geographical Conditions Monitoring (GCM)” in an exemplified area “Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH)” in China over th...

Since 2013, the winter mean fine particulate matter (PM2.5) had been decreased significantly due to stringent emission controls in most of China. Nevertheless, we found a seesaw pattern PM2.5 interannual anomalies between Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) and Yangtze River Delta (YRD). Using multiple linear regression method, meteorology-driven show that low (high) relative difference BTH YRD (RDB&Y)...

The Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region (BTH) is a key area with large carbon emissions in China and demonstration for renewable energy development, facing the dual test of structure transformation achievement peak neutrality goals. This study analyzes main influencing factors based on Kaya’s identity, establishes socio-economic-energy-carbon emission coupled system dynamics (SD) model, designs five s...

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the application two pre-harvest elicitors—methyl-jasmonate (MeJ) and benzothiadiazole (BTH)—to Monastrell grapes, at maturation stages, affected composition structure skin cell walls (SCWs) differing extents. This conducted in 2016–2017 on Vitis vinifera L. cv Monastrell. A water suspension MeJ BTH, a mixture both, applied veraison mid-ripening. ber...

Effective mitigation of surface ozone pollution entails detailed knowledge the contributing precursors’ sources. We use GEOS-Chem adjoint model to analyze precursors in Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei area (BTH) China on days different severities June 2019. find that BTH heavily polluted is sensitive local emissions, as well emitted from provinces south (Shandong, Henan, and Jiangsu, collectively SHJ are...

The transport sector is the major green-house gas emitter and most rapidly growing sector in terms of consuming energy in China. Understanding the driving forces behind carbon emission is a prerequisite for reducing carbon emissions and finding a balance between economic growth and carbon emissions. The purpose of this paper is to identify the impact of the factors which influence the level of ...

As part of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the Chinese government has developed air pollution prevention and control plans for key regions with a focus on the power, transport, and industrial sectors. Here, we investigate the contribution of residential emissions to regional air pollution in highly polluted eastern China during the heating season, and find that dramatic improvements in air quality wou...