Groundwater sampling for monitoring the presence and concentration of contaminants can be done using either depth integrated monitoring wells (MW) or depth specific multi-level sampling (MLS) wells. Depth specific multi-level sampling wells (MLS) are cost-effective, easy to install, and provide very detailed information about the vertical gradient in contaminant concentration. In contrast the M...

Huanglongbing (HLB) is the most devastating disease of citrus. The global citrus industry is in urgent need of effective chemical treatments for HLB control because of its rapid spreading worldwide. Due to the fastidious nature of the pathogens, and the poor permissibility of citrus leaf surfaces, effective screening of chemicals for the HLB control can be challenging. In this study, we develop...

Background and objective: Peel oil and juice of citrus fruits have furocoumarin (Psoralen) that can induce phytophotodermatitis. If the reaction is mild, then only hyperpigmentation (Without itching, burning, erythema, vesicle and bullae, formation) may occur. The objective of this study was to describe the patients with hyperpigmentation of back of the hands. Materials and Methods: Thirty-two ...

By using biofertilizers consisting of beneficial microorganisms instead synthetic chemicals, plant growth is increased, damage to the environment largely prevented and soil fertility preserved. This study was conducted seven standard cultivars (Scarlet Spur, Red Chief, Fuji, Jeromine, Galaxy Gala, Granny Smith, Golden Reinders), which were budded onto M9 MM106 rootstocks commonly used in region...

Twelve young Valencia orange trees which were budded on Rough lemon stock, were planted into 50-gallon containers on April 28, 1947. The containers were perforated in the bottom and filled with a very fine, white quartz sand. These units were depressed in soil for nearly their full length. The capillary contact with the subsoil induced good drainage and permitted good root development throughou...

Citrus orchards in northeastern Brazil are mostly rainfed and comprised basically of ‘Pera CNPMF D-6’ sweet orange budded on ‘Rangpur’ lime, for the drought tolerance productivity imparted by this rootstock. Therefore, selection new varieties is needed to broaden genetic basis citrus cultivated region. Accordingly, study compared vegetative, productive, fruit quality traits eight scions grafted...

Most fruit-tree breeding projects are based on selection of seedlings in regard to their performance. The selected seedlings are vegetatively propagated, usually by grafting. It is highly important for the breeder to know whether the performance of the grafted tree will resemble the performance of the original seedling. In this study the performance of avocado and mango seedlings was compared w...

The propagation of Persian walnut (Juglans regia) using grafting or budding is often difficult due to envi­ronmental factors. Temperature fluctuation and plant water status affect root pressure (xylem sap exudation “bleeding”) during grafting. An experiment was conducted find the optimum irrigation regime for patch (in July) tongue March) on Juglans regia rootstock un­der three environmental co...