unsteady hydromagnetic generalised couette flow of a viscous, incompressible and electrically conducting fluid between two horizontal parallel porous plates darcian channel in the presence of a uniform transverse magnetic field taking hall current and ion-slip into account in a rotating system is investigated. an exact solution of the governing equations is obtained by laplace transform techniq...

2 ABSTRACT: We report high luminance organic light-emitting diodes with a simple and easy processing device structure, by use of acid functionalized multi-walled CNTs as efficient hole injectors. At only 10 V, the luminance can reach nearly 50,000 cd/m 2 with an external quantum efficiency over 2% and a current efficiency greater than 21 cd/A. The investigation of hole-only devices shows that t...

Compared to invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI), non-invasive BCI systems based on Electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have not been applied successfully for precisely timed control tasks. In the present study, however, we demonstrate and report on the interaction of subjects with a real device: a pinball machine. Results of this study clearly show that fast and well-timed control well beyo...

There are numerous possibilities and motivations for an adaptive BCI, which may not be easy to clarify and organize for a newcomer to the field. To our knowledge, there has not been any work done in classifying the literature on adaptive BCI in a comprehensive and structured way. We propose a conceptual framework, a taxonomy of adaptive BCI methods which encompasses most important approaches to...

Multi-modal integration, which combines multiple neurophysiological signals, is gaining more attention for its potential to supplement single modality's drawbacks and yield reliable results by extracting complementary features. In particular, integration of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) is cost-effective and portable, and therefore is a fascinati...

Key performance characteristics of BCI systems are speed (i.e., how long it takes to make a selection) and precision (i.e., how often the executed selection is the one the user intended). Current systems allow for one selection within several seconds at a relatively high accuracy. Expressed in bit rate, which combines both speed and accuracy, the sustained performance of typical non-invasive an...

BCI is one of the most intriguing technologies among other HCI systems, mostly because of its capability of recording brain activities. Spelling BCIs, which help paralyzed people to maintain communication, are one of the striking topics in the field of BCI. In this scientific a spelling BCI system with high transfer rate and accuracy that uses SSVEP signals is proposed.In addition, we suggested...

The present article explores the most popular approaches and best practices for design implementation of cognitive gaming interventions that combine Brain Computer Interface (BCI) systems with Virtual Reality (VR). We focus on target skills related to perception, visuospatial attention memory. To this purpose, we review techniques algorithms are commonly used data pre-processing, feature extrac...

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables communication without movement based on brain signals measured with electroencephalography (EEG). BCIs usually rely on one of three types of signals: the P300 and other components of the event-related potential (ERP), steady state visual evoked potential (SSVEP), or event related desynchronization (ERD). Although P300 BCIs were introduced over twenty yea...