We investigated the mechanisms that induce atrophy of the chicken bursa of Fabricius (BF) upon lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment in young chicks. LPS treatment resulted in ∼36% decrease in bursal weight within 36 h (P < 0.01). Histological analysis showed infiltration of eosinophilic heterophils and nucleated oval shaped RBCs in or near blood vessels of the BF from LPS-treated chicks. Scanning...

The vast majority of immunoglobulin-expressing mature chicken B lymphocytes contain one functionally rearranged and one unrearranged allele of the immunoglobulin light chain (IgL) gene. Therefore, nearly all IgL V-J rearrangements present in mature chickens are in-frame. In contrast, the Ig genes of mature mammalian B cells contain a high proportion of out-of-frame V-J joints. To investigate th...

This study was conducted with objective of evaluating the toxic effects of nickel chloride (NiCl2) on development of bursa of Fabricius in broilers fed on diets supplemented with 0, 300, 600 and 900 mg/kg of NiCl2 for 42 days by using the methods of experimental pathology, flow cytometry (FCM), and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The results showed that dietary NiCl2...

Groups of 90 male broilers each were administered the antibiotic avoparcine mixed into feed in concentrations of 7.5, 10, and 15 ppm and achieved a higher mean body weight than the controls fed without this admixture. At the end of the 70-d fattening period, histological examination was carried out on selected individuals. The small intestine, liver, bursa of Fabricius, thymus, thyroid gland, p...

Fertile White Leghorn chicken eggs were exposed to 0,1,2,4,6,8, and 16 ÎL of Prudhoe Bay Crude oil (PBCO) on day 9 of incubation. The effects of oil on percentage pipping,percentage hatchability, body weight gains post hatching,serum creatine kinase and pathological changes in the pipping (hatching) muscle (musculus complexus), liver, bursa of Fabricius and other organ systems were assessed dur...

Chickens create their immunoglobulin (Ig) repertoires during B cell development in the bursa of Fabricius by intrachromosomal gene conversion. Recent evidence has suggested that Ig gene conversion may involve cis-acting DNA elements related to those involved in V(D)J recombination. Therefore, we have examined the potential role of the V(D)J recombination activating genes, RAG-1 and RAG-2, in re...

One hundred, one day old Boiler chicks were randomly divided into two groups and kept in two rooms of different temperatures, first at a temperature of 35±2°C and the second at a temperature of 24±2°C (neutral). A samples were collected after heat exposure at 4 stages during experimental (1st, 2nd, 4th and 6 th week). Samples which were taken from the second room were served as control group. T...

Let K be a smooth immersed curve in the plane. Fabricius-Bjerre [2] found the following relation among the double tangent lines, crossings, and inflections points for a generic K : T1 − T2 = C + (1/2)I where T1 and T2 are the number of exterior and interior double tangent lines of K , C is the number of crossings, and I is the number of inflection points. Here “generic” means roughly that the i...

Ten species of the genus Aulacophora Chevrolat, 1836 are reported for Taiwan. Specimens of A. opacipennis Chûjô, 1962 collected from Southeast Asia were misidentified by Kimoto (1989) and should be identified as A. apicipes Jacoby, 1896. Color photos of habitus and drawings of male and female genitalia from eleven species (including A. apicipes) are presented. The following synonymies are propo...