background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (cns) caused by autoreactive t cells against myelin antigens. t-cell immunoglobulin mucin -3 (tim-3) is a negative regulator glycoprotein expressed by a range of immune cells, including, th1 cells, activated cd8+ t cells and in a lower level on th17 cells. a defect in tim-3 regulation has been shown in mu...

background: polycystic ovary syndrome (pcos) is one of the most common endocrine women’s disorders in reproductive age. hyperandrogenism has a critical role in the etiology of pcos and it can cause fault in steroidogenesis process. during steroidogenesis, steroidogenic acute regulatory protein (star) seems to increase the delivery of cholesterol through mitochondrial membrane. therefore, polymo...

background: for the first time we tested an association between the human multidrug resistance gene 1 (mdr1) polymorphisms (snps) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (ipf). several mdr1 polymorphisms are associated with pathologies in which they modify the drug susceptibility and pharmacokinetics. materials and methods: we genotyped three mdr1 polymorphisms of 48 ipf patients and 100 control subj...

background and objectives: bacillus anthracis is one of the most homogenous bacteria ever described. bacillus anthracis 17jb is a laboratory strain. it is broadly used as a challenge strain in guinea pigs for potency test of anthrax vaccine. material and methods: this work describes genetic characterization of b. anthracis 17 jb strain using the snps and mlva genotyping. results and conclusion:...