This article deconstructs the conceptual framework of social theorist Salman Sayyid by critically examining his work on political and hegemony in relation to thought post-Marxist philosopher Ernesto Laclau. elaborates a theory that necessitates communal break with existing society, move very similar Laclau more generally. In analyzing Sayyid’s theories caliphate Laclau’s conception hegemonic st...

people's allegiance to imam ali (as) is one of the interesting scenes of history which has had a critical role in political life of islam. people's enthusiasm for allegiance to imam ali (as) and also, supporting of imam's companions had prepared everything for a public allegiance. but contrary to expectation, imam ali (as) in a speech refused to accept the caliphate. this speech ...

Abstract In the advancing understanding of crime-terror nexus, organized crime and terrorist entities are increasingly seen as capable pursuing multiple agendas simultaneously, with potential to ultimately reach convergence. Applying Makarenko’s theoretical work on convergence, this article sets out explain persistence in Iraq after fall Islamic State Syria (ISIS) Caliphate, based a literature ...


 The reign of the Abbasid caliph al-Muqtafī (r. 1136–1160) was one great historical significance. Despite his having been chosen and elevated to caliphate by Seljuq sultans during nadir power, after they had murdered deposed another, it who finally succeeded in reestablishing political rule over Iraq. This article traces course al-Muqtafī’s relations with sultans, analyzes how why he revi...