The C1 promoter expressing the AC1 gene, and V1 promoter expressing the AV1 gene are located in opposite orientations in the large intergenic region of the Cotton leaf curl Burewala virus (CLCuBuV) genome. Agro-infiltration was used to transiently express putative promoter constructs in Nicotiana tabacum and Gossypium hirsutum leaves, which was monitored by a GUS reporter gene, and revealed tha...

Transient assay systems using protoplasts have been utilized in several plant species and are a powerful tool for rapid functional gene analysis and biochemical manipulations. A protoplast system has not been used in switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.), even though it is a bioenergy crop that has received considerable attention. Here we report the first protocol to isolate large numbers of viable...

The long-term persistence and activity of a naked plasmid DNA (pGL3-35S) containing a luc gene (reporter gene) controlled by a plant 35S CaMV promoter was studied in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) after injection. Atlantic salmon (mean weight 70 grams) were injected intramuscularly with 100 μg of plasmid DNA. Blood, different tissues and organs were sampled at different time points up to day ...

Transcription activator-like effectors (TALEs), secreted by the pathogenic bacteria Xanthomonas, specifically activate expression of targeted genes in plants. Here, we designed synthetic TALEs that bind to the flanking regions of the TATA-box motif on the CaMV 35S promoter for the purpose of understanding the engineerable 'hot-spots' for increasing transgene expression. We demonstrated that tra...

Plants respond to heat stress by producing heat-shock proteins. These are regulated promoters containing regulatory elements, which can be harnessed control protein expression both temporally and spatially. In this study, we designed heat-inducible produce the diterpene casbene in Nicotiana benthamiana, through a multi-step metabolic pathway. To potentially increase gene transcription, coupled ...

Promoter strengths of two maize alcohol dehydrogenase genes, Adh1 and Adh2, and the maize shrunken-1 gene, Sh1, were evaluated by transient expression in cultured protoplasts of Panicum maximum, Triticum monococcum, and Daucus carota. Promoter elements were ligated in correct and opposite orientations as transcriptional gene fusions to the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase gene containing the ...

We have shown previously that gene VI of cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) strain D4 governs systemic infection of Nicotiana bigelovii and that transgenic N. bigelovii expressing the 0 4 gene VI product can complement at least one CaMV isolate for long-distance transport. We have now found that DNA of two other isolates of CaMV recombine with the gene VI coding sequence present in the transgenic ...

Full-length biologically active cDNAs of brome mosaic virus genomic RNAs 1, 2 and 3 were constructed by joining cDNA fragments. The cDNAs were constructed so that, at the 5' ends, unique SnaBI sites were present at the site of initiation of transcription. The cDNAs were inserted between a modified cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) 35S RNA promoter and terminator regions derived from CaMV DNA, and...

The idea of enhanced methanol production from cell wall by pectin methyl esterase enzymes (PME) combined with expression cry genes Bacillus thuringiensis as a strategy to improve insect pest control in cotton is presented. We constructed cassette containing two (cry1Fa and Cry32Aa) pme genes, one Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPME), other Aspergillus. niger (AnPME) pCAMBIA1301 plant vector using CAMV-...

The vsp1 gene of Arabidopsis thaliana encodes a storage protein that accumulates in vegetative organs. Transgenic plants expressing a vsp1 promoter-gus (beta-glucuronidase) gene fusion were found to contain high GUS activity when challenged with jasmonate, a volatile plant hormone. The induction of vsp1-gus expression by jasmonate could be measured in tobacco mesophyll protoplasts, after transi...