BACKGROUND To examine the association between individual-level social capital and physical activity. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS In February 2009, data were collected in a population-based cross-sectional survey in Okayama city, Japan. A cluster-sampling approach was used to randomly select 4,000 residents from 20 school districts. A total of 2260 questionnaires were returned (response rat...

BACKGROUND Unemployment is associated with adverse effects on health. Social capital has been suggested as a promoter of health via several causal pathways that are associated with the known health risk factors of being unemployed. This cross-sectional study investigated possible additive- and interaction effects of unemployment and five different measures of social capital in relation to psych...

abstract: the objective of this paper is to measure and explain the relationship between facebook users’ social capital and their political participation in real world. following political changes in the world and in the middle east, there are growing interest among researchers to work on political participation and facebook usage. we therefore developed this interest into this research paper i...

  Background: Although most studies on female-headed families focus on women's access to social support, the associations between social capital and quality of life in these families are unclear in many societies (such as Iran). This study aimed to determine the associations between social capital and quality of life in Iranian female headed families.   Methods : This cross-sectional study was ...

To identify and target lagging regions, policy-makers require statistics to be produced at regional level. In many instances it is not possible simply to compare regional-level statistics produced by Member State national statistical offices as there is variation in the methods and assumptions used to produce them. Capital stock statistics at the national level have been available for most coun...

BACKGROUND The past decade has seen a vast increase in empirical research investigating associations between social capital and health outcomes. Literature reviews reveal 'generalized trust' and 'social participation' to be the most robust of the commonly used social capital proxies, both showing positive association with health outcomes. However, this association could be confounded by unmeasu...

Social capital contributes to the alleviation of poverty but evidence on how to strengthen it remains scarce. This article describes strategies to strengthen social capital developed by a nongovernmental organization (NGO) and women as part of a development programme in rural Bangladesh between 2006 and 2012. The NGO and the women involved leveraged bonding (familial), bridging (peers) and link...

OBJECTIVES To investigate potential sources of systematic bias arising in the assessment of doctors' professionalism. DESIGN Linear regression modelling of cross sectional questionnaire survey data. SETTING 11 clinical practices in England and Wales. PARTICIPANTS 1065 non-training grade doctors from various clinical specialties and settings, 17,031 of their colleagues, and 30,333 of their...

Live attenuated SA-14-14-2 vaccine against Japanese encephalitis (JE) was introduced in the routine immunization under Universal Immunization Program in the 181 endemic districts of India. Recently, the Government of India has announced the introduction of one dose of JE vaccine for adults in endemic districts. The policy to mass vaccinate adults has raised several concerns that are discussed i...

Over the past year there have been a number of recent advances in the fields of miniaturized reaction and separation systems, including the construction of fully integrated 'lab-on-a-chip' systems. Microreactors, which initially targeted DNA-based reactions such as the polymerase chain reaction, are now used in several other chemical and biochemical assays. Miniaturized separation columns are c...