car-following models are among the most important components of micro traffic flow simulation which is studiedby transportation experts to evaluate new applications of intelligent transportation systems. until now, several carfollowingmodels have been proposed. an obvious disadvantage of the former models is the great number of parameterswhich are difficult to calibrate. in this paper, a car-fo...

This paper explains the relationship between two existing representations of rigid-body acceleration in a 6-D vector: conventional acceleration, which is the concatenation of two 3-D acceleration vectors, and spatial acceleration, which is the time derivative of a 6-D velocity vector. The two are materially different and obey different composition rules. In particular, spatial accelerations beh...

car body lightening and crashworthiness are two important objectives of car design. due to their excellent performance, composite materials are extensively used in the car industries. in addition, reducing the weight of vehicle is effective in decreasing the fuel consumption. hat shape energy absorber is used in car’s doors for side impact protection. the aim of these numerical models and exper...

"Unintended-acceleration" automobile accidents typically begin when the driver first enters the car, starts the engine, and intends to press his/her right foot on the brake while shifting from Park to a drive gear (Drive or Reverse). The driver reports an unintended (uncommanded) full-throttle acceleration, coupled with a loss of braking, until the episode ends in a crash. Pedal misapplications...

OBJECTIVE We investigated the effect of the passenger head-tilt strategy on the severity of carsickness in lateral acceleration situations in automobiles. BACKGROUND It is well known that the driver is generally less susceptible to carsickness than are the passengers. However, it is also known that the driver tilts his or her head toward the curve center when negotiating a curve, whereas the ...

The objective of this study is to predict the behaviors of the human body in pre-crash conditions based on the experiment with active human models. In order to simulate the actual pre-crash condition of a car that occurs when the drivers brakes or pre-crash safety system activates in an emergency situation, low speed front impact tests on human volunteers were conducted using a sled-mounted rig...

Traffic flow on straight roads is the most common traffic phenomenon in urban road traffic networks. In this paper, a realistic cellular automaton (CA) model is proposed to investigate driver behavior on urban straight roads based on our field observations. Two types of driver behavior, free and car-following, are simulated. Free driving behavior is modeled by a novel five-stage speeding model ...

In this study a real-time open loop estimate of the disturbance displacement input to the tire and an external disturbance force, representing handling and aerodynamic forces, acting on the sprung mass of a quarter-car suspension test rig was generated. This information is intended for use in active control methods applied to vehicle suspensions. This estimate is achieved with two acceleration ...

Abstract Aiming at the system level vibration problem caused by strong impact load during tank firing, is divided into several levels according to transmission path, such as barrel, cradle, turret, seat ring, car body and wheel. The multi-level response characteristics of firing are obtained arranging acceleration sensors typical positions each level. Based on time domain analysis method, wheel...

Car body deformation modeling plays a very important role in crash accident analyses, as well as in safe car body design. The determination of the energy absorbed by the deformation and the corresponding Energy Equivalent Speed can be of key importance, however their precise determination is a very difficult task. Although, using the results of crash tests, intelligent and soft methods offer an...