ll costs for treatment of road crash patients are free in the Islamic Republic of Iran. In this model, Islamic Republic of Iran offers a synergistic approach that is efficient from both the cost and health outcome sides. In this system, all costs of treatment for victims of road crashes are free regardless of who was at fault in causing the crash. It is more than 10 years that insurance compani...

This paper presents recent results of on-going research to build new maps of driver performance in car-following situations. The novel performance map is comprised of four driving states: low risk, conflict, near crash, and crash imminent – which correspond to advisory warning, crash imminent warning, and crash mitigation countermeasures. The paper addresses two questions dealing with the appro...

Development of frontal impact airbag sensor algorithms/calibrations requires crash signals, which can be obtained from vehicle crash testing and/or CAE simulations. This paper presents the development of finite element sensor models to generate CAE simulated crash pulses/signals at the sensing location during frontal impacts. These signals will be evaluated for potential used in the airbag sens...

This paper uses a heteroscedastic ordered probit model to distinguish the effects of vehicle weight, footprint and height on the severity of injuries sustained by vehicle occupants while controlling for many occupant, roadway and other characteristics. Model results suggest that the impacts of physical vehicle attributes on crash outcomes depend on the number of involved vehicles, and typically...

To date no AIS1 neck injury mechanism has been established, thus no neck injury criterion has been validated against such mechanism. Validation methods not related to an injury mechanism may be used. The aim of this paper was to validate different proposed neck injury criteria with reconstructed reallife crashes with recorded crash pulses and with known injury outcomes. A car fleet of more than...

An electric heavy quadricycle, categorized as an L7e vehicle, is alternative solution for sustainable mobility with a lower carbon footprint and high energy consumption efficiency. However, accidental crashes of quadricycles larger vehicle opponents can cause extensive damage to their structures fatal injury the occupants due geometry drawback in limited space front crumple zone. This work inve...

Todays car body models used for crash-worthiness simulations consist of around half a million nite elements. The interactive visualization of these large scale time-dependent geometries with constant topology on workstation platforms requires a variety of modeling and rendering optimizations. We present a memory eecient scene graph design, an algorithm to concatenate the mainly four-sided eleme...