lmost four centuries, ago William Harvey wrote his De Motu Cordis and firmly established the concept of the heart as a pump. Harvey’s fame as the creator of modern medical science has dominated thinking about him, although actually at the time the work was regarded as no use to medicine. In fact, Harvey’s reputation during that period depended on his clinical expertness: the clinical records th...

BACKGROUND Early reperfusion of the occluded coronary artery during acute myocardial infarction is considered crucial for reduction of infarcted mass and recovery of ventricular function. Effective microcirculation and the balance between protective and harmful lymphocytes may have roles in reperfusion injury and may affect final ventricular remodeling. METHODS/DESIGN BATTLE-AMI is an open-la...

The aim of thrombolysis, angioplasty, and coronary artery bypass surgery is to "reperfuse" ischemic myocardium; however, reperfusion can cause further cardiac damage and compromise the coronary microcirculation. Because nutrient supply and exchange and delivery of pharmacologic agents require a patent microvasculature, the coronary microcirculation plays a major role in myocardial recovery from...

ACE inhibition has been shown to improve left ventricular (LV) and myocardial blood flow. Previous data regarding changes in capillary density and angiogenesis during ACE inhibition are controversial. The aim of the following study was to determine myocardial microcirculation and heart function in the rat after coronary stenosis using non invasive MR imaging techniques. MR spin labeling and cin...

BACKGROUND Postoperative myocardial function and microcirculation of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) was assessed by myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE). MATERIAL AND METHODS Eighty-nine ACS patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were detected by MCE and two-dimensional ultrasonography before and a month later after PCI respectively. Their myocardial perfusion was e...

From the aspect of human circulation system structure, a complete hemodynamic model requires consideration of the influence of microcirculation load effect. This paper selected the seepage in porous media as the simulant of microcirculation load. On the basis of a bi-directional liquid-solid coupling tube model, we built a liquid-solid-porous media seepage coupling model. The simulation paramet...

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Cardiac allograft vasculopathy affects both epicardial and microcirculatory coronary compartments. Magnetic resonance perfusion imaging has been proposed as a useful tool to assess microcirculation mostly outside the heart transplantation setting. Instantaneous hyperemic diastolic flow velocity-pressure slope, an intracoronary physiology index, has demonstrated a bet...

According to Fick’s principle, the total uptake of (or release of) a substance by tissues is product blood flow and difference between arterial venous concentration substance. Therefore, mixed or central minus CO2 content depends on cardiac output (CO). Assuming linear relationship partial pressure, PCO2 differences (Pcv-aCO2 Pmv-aCO2) are directly related CO. Nevertheless, this affected altera...

BACKGROUND Assessment of the microcirculation is a promising target for the hemodynamic management of critically ill patients. However, just as the sole reliance on macrocirculatory parameters, single static parameters of the microcirculation may not represent a sufficient guide. Our hypothesis was that by serial topical application of acetylcholine (ACH) and nitroglycerin (NG), the sublingual ...

Pharmacological agents that are based on the gut-derived hormone glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 are increasingly used for hyperglycemia management in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Both GLP-1 receptor agonists and inhibitors of the GLP-1–degrading enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (ie, DPP-4 inhibitors) increase insulin and reduce glucagon secretion, thereby lowering plasma glucose levels. Moreover, GLP-...