The choice of a formula for the antigen is limited by four considerations: (1) The anticomplementary action of the antigen. (2) The complement-fixing properties of the antigen. (3) The occurrence of floccules when the antigen is made in saline suspensions. (4) The unit strength of the formula to be employed. It has already been shown (Price, 1953a, b) that as far as the anticomplementary proper...

Complement-Fixing Properties of Cardiolipin This reagent was examined using two ranges of 0-6 per cent. to 0 0045 per cent. One range was suspended in saline at a dilution of 1 in 50 and the other at 1 in 200. No fixation of complement was obtained when using syphilitic sera. Mixtures of cardiolipin and lecithin were next tested for their complement-fixing ability in the presence of a suitable ...

In a previous communication (Shaw, 1955), I referred to several papers concerning the value of cardiolipin antigen in complement-fixation and flocculation tests. The majority of workers have reported increased sensitivity and specificity with this antigen, which has also been recommended to obtain reproducible results in various laboratories in different countries. At that time, I compared the ...

Of 9733 consecutive serological samples received by Portsmouth and Southampton Public Health Laboratories (PHL) and tested for syphilis, 190 (140 from men and 50 from women) gave positive results. Thirty new cases of syphilis were identified. Most sera were tested initially by both a specific antibody test (the Treponema pallidum haemaglutination (TPHA) test) and a cardiolipin test (the Venerea...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies (ANCAs) and anti-Cardiolipin Antibodies (anti-CL Ab) in Behcet's Disease (BD) and also their roles in vascular involvement is controversial. OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence of ANCAs and anti-CL Ab as well as their correlations with clinical manifestations in Iranian patients with BD. METHODS In this case/control study, t...

The ATPase activities and the amounts of individual phospholipids in E. coli wild types B163 and ML-308-225 as well as in the mutants AN120, DL54 and etc-15 have been examined. The ATPase activities and the amount of cardiolipin are higher in the stationary phase than in the log phase, whereas the amounts of phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylserine are lower in the stationary phase. The decr...

The phospholipids of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, Norway strain, D. vulgaris, and D. gigas were examined in relationship to their qualitative and quantitative composition. D. desulfuricans and D. vulgaris exhibited an essentially identical phospholipid composition consisting of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, cardiolipin, and lysophosphatidylserine. Phosphatidylserine (10.9%) wa...

Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes and microvesicles (MVs), are explored for use in diagnostics, therapeutics and drug delivery. However, little is known about the relationship of protein and lipid composition of EVs and their source cells. Here, we report high-resolution lipidomic and proteomic analyses of exosomes and MVs derived by differential ultracentrifugation from 3 differ...

All 13 lipids, including two cardiolipins, one phosphatidylcholine, three phosphatidylethanolamines, four phosphatidylglycerols and three triglycerides, were identified in a crystalline bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase (CcO) preparation. The chain lengths and unsaturated bond positions of the fatty acid moieties determined by mass spectrometry suggest that each lipid head group identifies its ...

MALDI imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-IMS) has been used successfully in mapping different lipids in tissue sections, yet existing protocols fail to detect the diverse species of mitochondria-unique cardiolipins (CLs) in the brain which are essential for cellular and mitochondrial physiology. We have developed methods enabling the imaging of individual CLs in brain tissue. This was achieved by...