Breast cancer is the most common female cancer in the world and in Poland. The improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic methods has led to patients’ longer life expectancy. It has also made breast cancer a chronic disease, increasing the risk of late side effects of oncological therapy. More cardiovascular diseases are diagnose in patients over 65 with an oncological history than in those with...

Cardiovascular diseases with an incidence of approximately 50% are the main causes of death in most advanced countries and an increasing trend in the developing world as well. The World Health Organization estimates that 12 million people per year worldwide die from cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are becoming an increasing problem worldwide and hypercholesterolemia has been co...

Ondansetron is a serotonin receptor antagonist used widely in the prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy. The common side effects of ondansetron are fever, malaise, diarrhoea, constipation, and allergic reactions. Extra-pyramidal reactions are rare and cardiovascular side effects are even rarer. Even though its clin...

Androgenic anabolic steroids are commonly abused by athletes and body-builders to help develop lean body mass and muscular strength to enhance their performance. However, at doses which are much higher than recommended therapeutic dosage, abuse of these drugs is commonly associated with cardiovascular side-effects that can lead to acute myocardial infarction and sudden death. We report here thr...

Cardiovascular diseases with an incidence of approximately 50% are the main causes of death in most advanced countries and an increasing trend in the developing world as well. The World Health Organization estimates that 12 million people per year worldwide die from cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are becoming an increasing problem worldwide and hypercholesterolemia has been co...

Arthur Guyton's concepts of the determinative role of right heart filling in cardiac output continue to be controversial. This paper reviews his seminal experiments in detail and clarifies the often confusing concepts underpinning his model. One primary criticism of Guyton's model is that the parameters describing venous return had not been measured in a functioning cardiovascular system in hum...

In spite of the many advances that have been made in the past two decades in technical procedures designed to aid in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease, the clinical examination remains the single most reliable method for determining the etiologic, anatomic and hemodynamic diagnosis. It is safe to say that more mistakes in diagnosis are made as a result of inadequate clinical examination t...

While aspirin may offer protection, other non-aspirin non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause serious cardiovascular side effects and complications. This has led to a general "black box" warning for cardiovascular adverse events for NSAIDs. This review explores the different mechanisms underlying the protective effects of aspirin, the NSAID associated renovascular effects causi...

Statins reduce atherosclerotic events and cardiovascular mortality. Their side effects include memory loss, myopathy, cataract formation, and increased risk of diabetes. As cardiovascular mortality relates to plaque instability, which depends on the integrity of the fibrous cap, we hypothesize that the inhibition of the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into macrophage...