disturbance was ice storms, which generally resulted in suppression of radial growth in pines and increased radial growth in oaks. Additionally, pulses of understory establishment coincided with major ice storms. The lack of understory disturbance such as fire may be allowing the establishment of shade tolerant understory species while limiting the establishment of pine and oak. Canopy disturba...

The nature of the interaction between the black pecan aphid, Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis) (Hemiptera: Aphididae), and the chlorosis it causes to foliage of its pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch)] host is poorly understood. Laboratory experiments were conducted on the settling behavior of the black pecan aphid, when provided chlorotic pecan leaf discs resulting from previous bla...

Three species of aphids attack pecan foliage, Carya illinoensis (Wang.) K. Koch, and cause economic damage. We tested a kaolin-based particle film against one of these aphid species, black pecan aphid, Melanocallis caryaefoliae (Davis). Effect of particle film on host selection, adult mortality, and production of nymphs by M. caryaefoliae was tested on seedling pecans in the laboratory. Fewer M...

Vegetation control with herbicides is a common practice in pecan [Carya illinoinensis (Wangenh.) K. Koch] orchards that benefits both non-bearing and bearing trees. However, the appropriate size for the vegetation-free area surrounding bearing trees had not been resolved. Vegetation-free circles centered on the Tree 0, 0.9, 1.8, 3.7, and 7.3m in diameter were established at planting and tree pe...

Abstract Hickories (Carya Nutt.) include multiple stately, native trees that offer ornamental features and site adaptability. Immense interest exists in effectively producing these trees, however, due to their lag-phase shoot growth strong development of a taproot with minimal fibrous-root branching, exhibit resistance standard growing techniques are purportedly difficult transplant successfull...

We now have two consecutive years of yield data following soil fumigation that provided differing volumes of sterilized soil. Tarped methyl bromide at 400 lb/ac provided soil sterilization throughout the surface six feet of soil. Telone II applied in 11 foot wide strips at 50 gallons per acre provided sterilized soil to 4.5 feet deep across half the field surface area. Nine years later the yiel...

The stand structure of shagbark hickory (Carya ovata) and soil properties in an extremely fragmented woodlot were examined in northeastern Illinois. The goal of this preliminary study was to examine the effect of extreme forest fragmentation (in a golf course environment) on the structure of oak-hickory remnants and the impact of golf course management on soil properties associated with these r...