In the 1930s, when the British ruled the country, Jawaharlal Nehru described India's situation as follows: "A servile state, with its splendid strength caged up, hardly daring to breathe freely, governed by strangers from afar; her people poor beyond compare; shortlived and incapable of resisting disease and epidemic; illiteracy rampant; vast areas devoid of all sanitary or medical provision; u...

This article compares and contrasts the Astana Process, which Türkiye, Russia, Iran devised for Syria, with Six-Way Platform Initiative, Türkiye has offered as a solution mechanism to promote peaceful conditions foster cooperation in South Caucasus. In this vein, process tracing method is applied assess initiative's chances of success. Over past twenty years, peace proposals Caucasus have been ...

The energy resources of Central Asia and the Caucasus have drawn significant scholarly attention due to their geopolitical importance role in regional economic development. Western multilateral development banks (MDBs), such as World Bank EBRD, been leading actors shaping norms practices for lending sectors these regions. China has also recently emerged top investor hydrocarbons renewables Asia...

Common walnut (Juglans regia L) is an economically important species cultivated worldwide for its wood and nuts. It is generally accepted that J. regia survived and grew spontaneously in almost completely isolated stands in its Asian native range after the Last Glacial Maximum. Despite its natural geographic isolation, J. regia evolved over many centuries under the influence of human management...

Despite continuous historical distribution of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) throughout Eurasia, the species displays considerable morphological differentiation that resulted in delimitation of a number of subspecies. However, these morphological discontinuities are not always consistent with patterns of genetic differentiation. Here we assess genetic distinctiveness of grey wolves from the Caucas...

after the soviet :union: in newly independent georgia, the location of his gate and called the caucasus since this position tremendous impact on how relations with russia and the west had in this country is a way to attack the topic georgian forces in south ossetia in 2008. md, the severe russian reaction to georgia's pro-west thought it had occurred, the incidence of and despite media eff...

upon initial investigation, the rich and tumultuous history of caucasus riddled with an abundance of complexities leaves researchers bewildered. throughout this vast land, dozens of tribes each comprised of different races and ethnicities are intertwined, while maintaining their unique cultures and customs. thus, this complicated the researcher’s task at hand. however, this elaborate perplexity...

the caucasus region is located between the black sea and the caspian sea in south of the russian federation, north west of iran and north east of turkey. geographical situation and strategic significance of the south caucasus, have turned it to one of the most important parts of the world. in an atmosphere of the us -russia geostrategic competition and possibility of waging a cold war between t...

The revolutions of 1917 gave impetus to the development multi-party journalism in North Caucasus. thesis about vanguard role local Bolshevik press political arena these crisis conditions, prevalent overwhelming majority historical and journalistic studies Soviet period, does not correspond reality. concept that sheds light on fact during February October Bolsheviks used liberal enlightenment pu...