To ascertain which mononuclear cell subset deficiency plays a role in the marrow transplant recipient’s susceptibility to infections, mononuclear cell subset counts were prospectively determined in 108 patients on day 80. Infections occurring between day 100 and 365 were recorded by an investigator blinded to the subset counts. In univariate analyses, the counts of the following subsets showed ...

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between serum leptin levels and suppression of CD4 count in HIV-infected individuals with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). SUBJECTS AND METHODS Thirty seropositive HIV male patients selected from the Infectious Disease Hospital were classified into two groups according to their immunological and virological response to HAART. The first group ...

BACKGROUND Starting lifelong antiretroviral therapy (ART) in HIV-infected pregnant women may decrease HIV progression and transmission, but adherence after delivery may be difficult, especially for asymptomatic women. We evaluated disease progression among HIV-infected women not on ART with CD4⁺ lymphocyte counts above 200 cells per microliter at delivery. METHODS We analyzed risk of death, p...

To ascertain which mononuclear cell subset deficiency plays a role in the marrow transplant recipient's susceptibility to infections, mononuclear cell subset counts were prospectively determined in 108 patients on day 80. Infections occurring between day 100 and 365 were recorded by an investigator blinded to the subset counts. In univariate analyses, the counts of the following subsets showed ...

Until recently, for asymptomatic patients with established disease, providers generally started antiretroviral therapy (ART) when the CD4+ count fell below 350 cells/mm3. However, the DHHS and IAS-USA treatment guidelines now recommend individualizing the decision to initiate ART for those with higher CD4+ counts, rather than generally deferring therapy as older versions of these guidelines sug...

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Owing to the ever-expanding access to HAART (highly active anti-retroviral therapy) in resource-limited settings, there is a need to evaluate alternate markers like absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) as a surrogate for CD4 counts. This study was done to assess the usefulness of ALC as a surrogate marker for CD4 counts in monitoring HIV-infected patients after HAART initiati...

BACKGROUND Viral load monitoring is not available for the vast majority of patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. However, the practical utility of CD4 cell count measurements as an alternative monitoring strategy has not been rigorously assessed. METHODS In this study, we used a novel modelling approach that accounted for all CD4 cell count and VL values meas...

This study evaluated total lymphocyte count (TLC) as a substitute marker for CD4+ cell counts to identify patients who need prophylaxis against opportunistic infection (CD4 < 200 cells/mm(3)) and patients with CD4 < 350 cells/mm(3) (Brazilian threshold value of CD4 count to define AIDS). We evaluated TLC and CD4+ cells count of 1,174 HIV-infected patients, in Salvador, Brazil, from May 2003 to ...

BACKGROUND The clinical correlations and significance of subnormal CD4 levels in HIV-negative patients with TB are unclear. We have determined CD4 cell levels longitudinally during anti-tuberculosis treatment (ATT) in patients, with and without HIV co-infection, and their associations with clinical variables. METHOD Adults diagnosed with TB (maximum duration of ATT for 2 weeks, and with no hi...

BACKGROUND The clinical manifestation of pulmonary cryptococcosis varies notably between immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. To better understand pulmonary cryptococcosis, we compared the clinical features of pulmonary cryptococcosis patients with or without decreased peripheral blood CD4+ T cell counts. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 80 patients with c...