dacarbazine (dtic) is a synthetic chemical antitumor agent which is used to treat malignant melanoma and hodgkin’s disease. dtic is a prodrug which is converted to an active form undergoing demethylation by liver enzymes. the active form prevents the progress of disease via alkylation of dna strand. in the structure of this drug, the imidazole ring, a triazen chain and carboxamide group exist. ...

With the identification of tumorassociated antigens more than 30 y ago and the development of hybridoma technology in 1975, investigators realized that Paul Ehrlich’s vision to effectively target drugs to diseased tissues could be tested. It was shown that monoclonal antibodies could specifically target tumors (1,2), and it was hypothesized that cancer could be treated with naked antibodies by ...

Lymphocytes have been isolated from human rectal biopsies in numbers sufficient for microassay procedures. No antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic (ADCC) activity could be detected in normal or inflamed human gut mucosa, using two assay systems which detect predominantly K cell activity. The tissue localisation and circulation characteristics of K cells require definition before establish...

In this study cellular phosphatase activity, referred to as enzyme developed color (EDC) assay, was used for an in vitro assessment of cell proliferation and cytotoxicity. Optimum conditions were established and found to be 10 x103 cells / well at 37°C and 60 min incubation (for developing color). Under the same conditions a direct correlation between optical density (00) and cell number wa...

  Abstract   Background: The interest in using bacteria as anti- cancer therapeutic agents dates back to the end of the19th century. Some bacteria like Salmonella and Listeria replicate effectively inside malignant cell lines and suppress their growth. The bacterium Streptococcus pyogenes has become medically famous as a flesh-eating pathogen since mid-1980s. It is the causative agent of a life...

     The assessment of the degree or rate of cellular proliferation and cell viability is critical for the assessment of the effects of drugs on both normal and malignant cell populations. In the present study, a few novel 3-substituted derivatives of 2-indolinones were synthesized by condensation of substituted oxindole or isatin derivatives with appropriate aldehydes or primary aromatic amine...

Dacarbazine is an antitumor prodrug which is used for the treatment of malignant metastatic melanoma and Hodgkin’s disease. It requires initial activation in liver through an N-demethylationreaction. The active metabolite prevents the progress of disease via alkylation of guanine bases in DNA strands. In order to investigate the importance of imidazole ring and its dynamictautomerization in ant...

Significant cytotoxic lymphocyte-induced DNA fragmentation does not occur in four human target cells lysed by human natural killer lymphocytes, killer lymphocytes, or cytotoxic T lymphocytes. These results contrast with the extensive DNA fragmentation that occurs in murine target cells lysed by the analogous effector lymphocytes. Thus, DNA fragmentation, or the lack thereof, represents a specie...