Pressurized hot water extraction (PHWE) and hydrodistillation were compared for the extraction of essential oil from Lavandin. Using GC-FID analysis in conjunction with central composite design, the maximum extraction yield was obtained for temperature of 148 o C, pressure of 33.7 (bar), static time of 10.7 (min), dynamic time of 17.6 (min), and flow rate of 0.69 (mL/min). The PHWE is a practic...

The process parameters, temperature, pH and substrate concentration, were optimized for the production of gentamicin using Micromonouspora echinospora. Experiments were carried out according to central composite design in response surface method. The optimum conditions for the maximum production of gentamicin were found to be: temperature – 31.7C, pH – 6.8 and substrate concentration – 3%. At t...

Trichoderma species are widely used for the commercial production of cellulolytic enzymes. In the present investigation, medium components were optimized using a central composite design and response surface methodology to produce endoglucanase (EG) from Trichoderma harzianum KUC1716. From the various medium components tested, cellulose, soy peptone, and thiamine HCl were selected as the optima...

Plackett-Burman design was employed to screen 8 parameters for ethanol production from kitchen garbage by Zymomonas mobilis in simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The parameters were divided into two parts, four kinds of enzymes and supplementation nutrients. The result indicated that the nutrient inside kitchen garbage could meet the requirement of ethanol production without supple...

γ-Proteobacterium JB, an alkali-tolerant soil isolate, produced laccase (8X10 nkat/L) in M162 medium. The optimization of process conditions (pH, incubation time, agitation, and CuSO4 concentration) for laccase production during submerged fermentation was carried out using response surface methodology (RSM) based on a central composite design (CCD). Maximum laccase production achieved was 7.4 X...

The degradation of lindane was studied in liquid-agitated cultures using a commercial strain of the fungus Pleurotus ostreatus as the biodegrading organism. The biodegradation was accomplished with the action of extracellular oxidative enzymes, produced by the fungus to decompose woody substrates. Enzyme activities of manganese peroxidase and laccase were measured in a liquid mineral medium. An...

Many manufactured products require machining at some stage of their production sequence. Generally, machining ranges from relatively rough cleaning of castings to high-precision micromachining of mechanical components that require narrow tolerances. It is estimated that of all machining processes about 40% pertain to turning. Turning is the most common way for processing rotational (symmetrical...

A central composite design was employed to produce microcapsules of propranolol hydrochloride by o/o emulsion solvent evaporation technique using a mixture of cellulose acetate butyrate as coat material and span-80 as an emulsifier. The effect of formulation variables namely levels of cellulose acetate butyrate (X(1)) and percentage of Span-80 (X(2)) on encapsulation efficiency (Y(1)), drug rel...

Pectin from passion fruit peels was extracted using citric acid extraction. The effects of citric acid concentration from 0.05 to 0.21 % (wt/wt), extraction time from 30 to 120 minutes and extraction temperatures from 35 to 85 ̊C on pectin yield and the degree of esterification (DE) were investigated. Using the central composite design (CCD), the optimized pectin yield was 6.44 % and degree of ...

The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility of producing Nigella sativa powder under a foam mat drying technique. A central, composite design of experiments was used to optimize the drying condition and compare the solubility, the antioxidant and mineral content of roasted Nigella sativa, and the foam mat dried Nigella sativa powder. Foams were prepared from Nigella sativa solution b...