The number of approved peptide therapeutics has increased significantly in recent years. Peptide have many advances over small molecule drugs, such as higher affinity to target and lower toxicity profiles. Although peptide-like drugs are mainly metabolized/catabolized the body for smaller peptides amino acids, metabolite identification still an essential part their development, especially if st...

OBJECTIVE To define the long-term effects of GnRH antagonist, GnRH agonist, and estrogen plus progesterone treatments on apoptosis and apoptosis-related gene expressions, including bcl2, bax, and cyt c in rat ovary. DESIGN Prospective placebo-controlled experimental study. SETTING Obstetrics and Gynecology and Medical Biology and Genetics university departments. ANIMAL(S) Forty female wis...

the composition of essential oil of leaves of the male and female shrubs of juniperus chinensis l. (growing in isfahan) was analyzed by gas choromatography(gc) and gc-mass spectrometery (ms). the main constituents of leaf oil of the male shrub were: bornyl acetate (26.1%), sabinene (18.3%), trans-sabinyl acetate (11.1%), myrcene (9.2%), limonene (6.1%), elemol (5.5%), α-cadinol (2.3%), δ-cadine...

Melatonin receptor expression exhibits profound developmental changes through poorly understood mechanisms. In mammals, a current model suggests that pubertal reactivation of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion down-regulates MT1 melatonin receptors in pituitary gonadotroph cells, via the induction of early growth response factor-1 (EGR-1). Here we have examined this model by testi...