Through X-ray absorption and emission spectroscopies, the chemical, electronic and structural properties of organic species in solution can be observed. Near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) and resonant inelastic X-ray scattering (RIXS) measurements at the nitrogen K-edge of para-aminobenzoic acid reveal both pH- and solvent-dependent variations in the ionisation potential (IP), 1...

Optical techniques are finding widespread use in chemical and bio-chemical analysis, and Beer–Lambert– Bouguer (BLB) absorption in particular has become one of the classical workhorses in analytical chemistry [1]. During the past decade, there has been an increasing emphasize on miniaturization of chemical analysis systems [2] and naturally this has stimulated a large effort in integrating micr...

Drug absorption modeling is a task that requires different tools depending on the drug development stage. Scientific progress and increased computer power have initiated a veritable revolution of modeling and simulation. Technical developments have enabled a high model complexity that was unthinkable only a couple of years ago. Today, model simulations can be used to guide experimental planning...

The evolution of the electronic absorption edge of type I, II and III kerogen is studied by diffuse reflectance UV–Visible absorption spectroscopy. The functional form of the electronic absorption edge for all kerogens measured is in excellent agreement with the ‘‘Urbach tail’’ phenomenology. The Urbach decay width extracted from the exponential fit within the visible range is strongly correlat...

A simple analysis is performed for the absorption properties of graphene sandwiched between two media. For a proper choice of media and graphene doping/gating one can approach 50-100% absorption in the GHz-THz range for the one atom thick material. This absorption is controlled by a characteristic chemical potential which depends only on carrier life-time and the indexes of refraction of the di...

We report measurements of chemical concentrations in clinical blood serum and urine samples using liquid-core optical fiber (LCOF) Raman spectroscopy to increase the collected signal strength. Both Raman and absorption spectra were acquired in the near-infrared region using the LCOF geometry. Spectra of 71 blood serum and 61 urine samples were regressed via partial least squares against referen...