The paper studies the effect of pretreatment highly concentrated wastewater from confectionery production in a vortex layer apparatus (VLA) on its physical and chemical properties, with aim further use as substrate for dark fermentation biohydrogen. Pretreatment VLA resulted 2.6-fold increase iron content 6.5% soluble oxygen demand after 3 minutes exposure. After VLA, an acetic acid decrease co...

Background The recalcitrance of lignocellulosic biomass offers a series of challenges for biochemical processing into biofuels and bio-products. For the first time, we address these challenges with a biomimetic system via a mild yet rapid Fenton reaction and lignocellulose-degrading bacterial strain Cupriavidus basilensis B-8 (here after B-8) to pretreat the rice straw (RS) by mimicking the nat...

Green liquor ( GL ) was used as a sulfide rich liquor to impregnate Southern pine wood chips in a pretreatment step for kraft pulping. A central composite experimental design was applied to investigate relationships between pretreatment conditions, chemical absorption, pulping selectivity, and primary pulp qualities. The derived equations provided a correlation between the independent cooking v...

Alkaline pretreatment of spruce at low temperature in both presence and absence of urea was studied. It was found that the enzymatic hydrolysis rate and efficiency can be significantly improved by the pretreatment. At low temperature, the pretreatment chemicals, either NaOH alone or NaOH-urea mixture solution, can slightly remove lignin, hemicelluloses, and cellulose in the lignocellulosic mate...

BACKGROUND Rice straw has considerable potential as a raw material for bioethanol production. Popping pretreatment of rice straw prior to downstream enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation was found to increase cellulose to glucose conversion efficiency. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of popping pretreatment and determine the optimal enzyme loading using a surface response...

Production of bioethanol from agricultural residues and hays (wheat, barley, and triticale straws, and barley, triticale, pearl millet, and sweet sorghum hays) through a series of chemical pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation processes was investigated in this study. Composition analysis suggested that the agricultural straws and hays studied contained approximately 28.62-38.58%...

As a result of increasing demand for alternatives to fossil energy, the agricultural biogas sector is in expansion and lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) represents an interesting renewable feedstock. Nevertheless, due recalcitrance complexity its structure, deconstructive pretreatments are necessary render possible biochemical conversions efficient exploitation. In this work, chemical-free, mild mi...

The objective of this review is to provide a deep overview liquid biofuels produced from sugarcane bagasse and address the economic challenges an ethanol acetone-butanol-ethanol blend in commercial processes. chemistry presented. Pretreatment technologies such as physical, chemical pretreatment, biological, combination pretreatments used fermentation process are also provided summarised. Differ...

Effect of pretreatment by shotblasting to workpieces before lubricating a non-chemical conversion lubricant in cold forging was examined making several surfaces with different topographies, using wet shotblasting. Backward-cup extrusion test estimated the performance pretreatment. This provides extremely large surface expansion bring severe tribological conditions. After tests, insides cup-like...

Solid-state NMR has the potential to contribute to the quality of monitoring of the in growth of synthetic biomaterials in bone related tissue engineering. Severe experimental difficulties arise from the morphological diversity of bone, from the coexistence, interrelationship and great complexity of its organic and inorganic components, and lastly, from the substantial sensitivity of bone sampl...