The main aim of this study was to assess psychological, economic, and social impact of khat chewing among adolescents, in Nekemte town, East Welega Zone. A community based cross-sectional study was conducted from March to June 2016 using both quantitative and qualitative methods of data collection. A total of 359 samples were included in the study. A pretested, interviewer based structured ques...

Background: Tobacco use has toxic effects on different organs. This study was carried out to assess the effect of indigenous tobacco both in smoking (bidi) and smokeless (gutkha, zarda and khaini) forms on buccal cells at chromosomal level, through assessment of different nuclear anomalies as biomarker. Methods:This study was done on people living in Durgapur and its adjacent areas, West Bengal...

BACKGROUND Khat is widely consumed among the youth of Jazan region of Saudi Arabia. However, its prevalence is not well documented. OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of khat chewing among college and secondary school students in Jazan region. METHODS The study was conducted in May 2006 in the colleges and secondary schools in Jazan regio...

Introduction: Oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) is a potentially malignant disorder with a multifactorial etiology. Recent studies have shown that there are increased levels of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) in the plasma of OSMF patients suggesting its possible role in etiopathogenesis. Purpose: To assess the FDP levels in the plasma of OSMF patients in betel nut chewers and in healthy par...

BACKGROUND/AIMS The habit of chewing khat (Catha edulis) for its amphetamine-like effects is highly prevalent in Yemen and east Africa, and has expanded to Western countries. The purpose of this study was to estimate and compare the prevalence and levels of 14 periodontal bacteria in gingival plaque of khat chewers and khat nonchewers, as well as of khat chewing sides and khat nonchewing sides....

AIM Qat chewing has been reported to induce subgingival microbial shifts suggestive of prebiotic-like properties. The objective here was to assess the effect of qat chewing on a panel of classical and new putative periopathogens in health and periodontitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS 40 qat chewers and 40 nonchewers, equally stratified by periodontal health status, were recruited. Taqman, real-tim...

Areca nut has been proven to be correlated with various pathologic alterations in oral cavity. However, the mechanisms for such cytopathic effects are still elusive due mostly to the limitations of cell culture systems. Here we discovered that areca nut extract (ANE) induced production of autophagosome vacuoles in cells cultured with rich medium but induced pyknosis and ballooning, two morpholo...

BACKGROUND This study aimed to determine the association between betel quid chewing and the occurrence of upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancers. METHODS A cohort of 17,388 subjects, recruited and interviewed over the 1990-2001 period, in Khon Kaen, Thailand, was followed up until 2011. The data were linked to the Khon Kaen Population-Based Cancer Registry. RESULTS The prevalence of betel...