The present study describes management of oxidative stress induced by heavy metal chromium in marine Bacillus licheniformis (NCBI GenBank Accession NumberHM194725). It is identified that the isolate reduces 10-1500 mg/L of Cr (VI) within 24-72 h. Existence of chromium reductase in growth medium implies the possibility of enzymatic reduction of Cr (VI) to Cr (III). Nevertheless, no correlation w...

Chromium exists usually in the (III) or (VI) oxidation states. In contrast to Cr(III), which is essential to mammalian systems, Cr(VI) is dangerous for humans due to its toxicity and carcinogenic properties. Cr(VI) compounds are highly soluble, mobile and bioavailable compared to Cr(III) species. Chromium is usually analyzed using instrumental methods such as AAS or ICP, which are accurate and ...

An iron (III)-impregnated sorbent was prepared from sugarcane bagasse and ferric chloride solution via carbonization/activation in a muffle furnace at 500 C for 4 h. The adsorption removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by the iron (III)-impregnated sorbent was then studied in a batch system. With increasing initial chromium (VI) concentration from 25 to 130 mg/L at an adsorbent dose of...

Oxidative substitution reactions of chromium(II) chloride with lithium phenoxide in the presence of water give access to new polynuclear chromium(III) aryloxide complexes and coordination polymers. While a one-dimensional coordination polymer based on chromium(III), [Cr2(μ3-OPh)2(μ-OPh)6(μ-OH)(μ3-Li)4(μ3-Cl)2Li(THF)6]n, is first obtained by serendipity, the controlled addition of water to the i...

Chromium(III) mesityl complexes were synthesized by protonolysis of chromocene with 1,3-diisopropylimidazolium chloride or DBU hydrochloride, salt metathesis with MesMgBr, and single electron oxidation with iodine.

Certain forms of the heavy metals arsenic and chromium are considered human carcinogens, although they are believed to act through very different mechanisms. Chromium(VI) is believed to act as a classic and mutagenic agent, and DNA/chromatin appears to be the principal target for its effects. In contrast, arsenic(III) is considered nongenotoxic, but is able to target specific cellular proteins,...

The effect of pretreatment with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) on chromate-induced DNA damage, cytotoxicity, and enzyme inhibition as well as on the cellular reduction of chromium(VI) was investigated using Chinese hamster V-79 cells. Cellular pretreatment with nontoxic levels of 1 mM ascorbic acid for 24 h prior to exposure resulted in a significant increase (1.7-fold) in cellular levels of this vi...

A rapid and sensitive method has been proposed for the sequential determination of chromium(III) and total chromium in water samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry combined with a flow injection on-line preconcentration on a double-microcolumn. The chromium(III) and total chromium in samples were retained on a double-microcolumn with a cation exchange resin, respectively, and eluted di...

Kinetics of Cr(III) ions transport through a bulk liquid membrane containing dinonylnaphthalenesulfonic acid (DNNSA) as a carrier, flowing over aqueous phases, has been examined. Special attention has been paid to the effect of the membrane's velocity flow on the chromium concentration decrease in a feed phase. For the description of relationships of chromium(III) concentration in particular ph...