Different construction materials with different roughness used to make circular weirs highly affect surface roughness and, in turn, flow hydraulics passing over these structures.  In the present research, numerous experiments under different hydraulic conditions were performed on a physical model to study the effects of roughness on flow hydraulics over a circular weir. The flow hydraulics incl...

This paper reviews the work of Keshava Munhy and collaborators in the area of proportional weirs. It brings forlh the lacuna that existed in the theory of weirs and focusses on why there was need a for a generalized theory of ,,"'(irs. It oullines the theorem of slope discharge continuity developed, emphasizing the importance of a datum or reference plane for every weir. It explains briefly the...

Abstract The spillways are one of the most important hydraulic structures used in river engineering, dam construction, irrigation, and drainage engineering projects. Recently, a new type such with circular crest has been proposed. In this paper, properties crested stepped spillway (CCSS) including flow pattern, distribution velocity on pressure, turbulence intensity, discharge coefficient ( $${...

weirs have widely been used for the flow measurement, flow diversion and its control in the open channels. attempts have been made to study flow over different shapes of normal weirs, side weirs and oblique weirs. this paper is connected with the development of the discharge coefficient measurement. in the present study four different weirs in different height are considered for validation purp...

With the continuous operation of check dams, silting elevation whole dam gradually increases. When height is close to broad-crested weir, it will result in a large change hydraulic characteristics original flow pattern. For subsequent reinforcement work, necessary know how excessive sediment deposition affects overflow from weir into spillway. However, few studies about discharge coefficients a...

In this study, Gene expression programming (GEP) is employed as a new method for estimating the side weir discharge coefficient. The accuracy of existing equations in evaluating the side weir discharge coefficient is first examined. Afterward, taking into consideration the dimensionless parameters that affect the estimation of this parameter and sensitivity analysis, five different models are p...

The impacts of large dams on the hydrology and ecology of river systems are well understood, yet the impacts of low-head structures are poorly known. While impacts of small weirs on upstream-migrating fish have long been mitigated by fish ladders, it is assumed that downstream migration of surface-oriented fishes is unaffected under natural flow regimes. To test this, the effects of low-head we...