Creatine kinase (CK) BB, a member of the CK gene family, is a predominantly cytosolic CK isoform in the brain and plays a key role in regulation of the ATP level in neural cells. CK BB levels are reduced in brain regions affected by neurodegeneration in Alzheimer's disease (AD), Pick's disease, and Lewy body dementia, and this reduction is not a result of decreased mRNA levels. This study demon...

Creatine kinase (CK) is located in an isoenzyme-specific manner at subcellular sites of energy production and consumption. In muscle cells, the muscletype CK isoform (MM-CK) specifically interacts with the sarcomeric M-line, while the highly homologous brain-type CK isoform (BB-CK) does not share this property. Sequence comparison revealed two pairs of lysine residues that are highly conserved ...

The DMCS system is an implementation of the equilibrium semantics for heterogeneous and nonmonotonic multi-context systems (MCS) [3], which feature contexts with heterogeneous and possibly nonmonotonic logics. Each context in an MCS comprises of two parts: a local knowledge base and a set of bridge rules that can access the beliefs of other contexts and add new information to the knowledge base...

Sir, Creatine Kinase (CK) E.C. 2.7.3.2. is separable into three different isoenzymes by a number of methods. Each isoenzyme is a dimer composed of two subunits (Bor M) each having a relative molecular mass of 40,000. These isoenzymes are widely distributed in tissues, CK-MM and CK-MB are found mainly in the skeletal and heart muscles and CK-BB in G.l. tract and the brain with small amounts also...

We used an enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay to measure creatine kinase (CK; EC 2.7.3.2) BB in the sera of 58 cancer patients. A pre-incubation step with an anti-CK-M antibody-coated bead removed M chain components, and CK-BB was quantified with use of an anti-CK-B antibody-coated tube. No cross reactivity was observed with mitochondrial CK or CK-MM; CK-MB cross reacted slightly (1.6%). Macro...

The expression of cytokeratins (CKs) 8, 18 and 19 was analyzed in male and female rat gonads from the undifferentiated stage (12.5 days of gestation) until two weeks after birth by indirect immunofluorescence, using specific monoclonal antibodies anti-CK 8 (LE41), anti-CK 19 (LP2K) and anti-CK 18 (LE65 and RGE53). In the undifferentiated blastema, the somatic cells were stained for CK 8 and CK ...

Because creatine kinase (CK) appears in cardiac lymph after myocardial infarction, this study was undertaken to determine whether lymph inactivates CK in vitro and whether interruption of cardiac lymph flow influences estimation of infarct size based on plasma CK changes in conscious dogs. After the effects of incubation of canine myocardial CK in native, deproteinized, or sulfhydrylfortified l...

Using an isoelectric-focusing (IEF) method developed to quantitate MM isoenzyme-creatine kinase (CK) sub-band activity, we identified a reproducible time-varying pattern of these sub-bands in the serum of eight patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Our observations are consistent with the view that MM3-CK (the M2-CK dimer, the pure gene product) is converted intravascularly to MM2-CK,...

A human telomere DNA segment (HT-DNA) can fold into a G-quadruplex in the presence of some monovalent cations. These cations can interact with the phosphate groups of the DNA segment and/or with the O6 oxygen atom of guanines, which are called non-specific interactions and specific interactions, respectively. However, until now how these two interactions affect the structure of HT-DNA has not b...

Creatine Kinase (CK) is the enzyme responsible for catalysing the exchange of phosphates in the creatine/phosphocreatine shuttle. Skeletal muscle CK is made up of 90% muscle CK (CKMM) and 10% heart CK (CK-MB). In muscle damage (e.g. rhabdomyolysis), extreme exercise and statin-induced myositis, serum CK can be raised in excess of 10 times the upper limit of normal. However, the recent discovery...