This paper studies how a major reform of the Norwegian pension system affected the labor supply and pension claiming behavior of older workers. The 2011 reform brought three major changes: (i) individuals may start claiming pensions anytime between ages 62 and 75; (ii) there are actuarially neutral pension adjustments for early/late claiming; and (iii) pension benefits are no longer earnings te...

The South China Sea is currently in a state of intense geopolitical conflict, with six countries claiming sovereignty over some or all of the area. Recently, several countries have carried out island building projects in the Spratly Islands, converting portions of coral reefs into artificial islands. Aerial photography and high resolution satellites can capture snapshots of this construction, b...

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