Cultural differences in individualism and collectivism (I-C) describe important variations in how the self relates to others, but existing scales may be too broadband to precisely measure this aspect of I-C. They also do not distinguish among particular ingroups and types of interdependence with them. The Circles of Closeness scale addresses these limitations. Initial results from Euro-American...

items “unreal” leaves out something important. I have suggested that God is, at bottom, one of these abstract objects. You can be a skeptic about the traditional picture of God as a quasi-material, ghostly being, and still believe the idea of God I presented in this book. 3. There can be a God even if no one created the universe. If God is the supremely good being, then there could be a God eve...

Mormons claim that God the Father has a “body of flesh and bones.” Nowhere is this statement made in the Bible, so they support this idea through the statement that God created man in His own image, which requires that God look like a man. However, there are many problems with this interpretation. First, the Bible says that God created both males and females in His image. Unless God were a herm...

Feminine language for God has been largely absent within Christianity. However, a focus on feminine aspects of the divine can help Christians reclaim characteristics of God that get lost in a religion where language of God the Father is pervasive. This paper addresses the use of Mother as a metaphor for God and its implications for a therapeutic context. The current conversation around parental...

with the rise of nicholas sarkozy to power, in an evident spin, france’s foreign policy became american in essence. from the very first year of his presidency sarkozy adopted a parallel policy to the u.s. atlanticism is considered an important and inevitable leverage in sarkozy’s foreign policy and his government marked a high point in foreign policy after de goulle. this new approach is comple...

Do forgiving God primes strengthen support for state-sanctioned punishment? Laurin et al (2012) found that beliefs in powerful, intervening Gods (both in general and when made salient) reduce people’s endorsement of state-sanctioned punishment. In light of this, we investigated whether the manner in which God intervenes (via forgiveness or punishment) influences people’s endorsement of state-sa...

Two studies examined the relationship between social comparison orientation (SCO) and two types of closeness (dimensional closeness and psychological closeness) in the context of appearance-related comparisons among women. A pilot study showed that these two types were relatively independent constructs, and provided evidence for the differential validity of the constructs. Consistent with our e...

The beta-number, β (G), of a graph G is defined to be either the smallest positive integer n for which there exists an injective function f : V (G) → {0, 1, . . . , n} such that each uv ∈ E (G) is labeled |f (u)− f (v)| and the resulting set of edge labels is {c, c+ 1, . . . , c+ |E (G)| − 1} for some positive integer c, or +∞ if there exists no such integer n. If c = 1, the resulting beta-numb...