Knowledge of the turbulence spectra is interest for describing atmospheric conditions as applied to astronomical observations. This article discusses deformations with heights in a wide range scales at sites Maidanak and Suffa observatories. It shown that energy baroclinic instability high these observatories should be taken into account calculations refractive index structure constant Cn2.

Many well-known learning systems like CN2 and C4.5 use an attribute-value representation for the examples. In Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) a rst-order logical formalism is used, which is a more expressive representation. We will introduce a 5-step methodology to upgrade an existing propositional learner towards a rst-order learning system. The system ICL (Inductive Classiication Logic) is ...

Two new diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) based sensitizers (DPP-Br, DPPCN2) and a novel dyad DPP-NDI (NDI = naphthalene diimide) were synthesized and investigated for use in NiO p-type dye-sensitized solar cells (p-DSCs). The simple push-pull DPP-CN2 gives a promising photoconversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.07% with the iodide/triiodide electrolyte while the PCE of the dyad reaches 0.18% with a cobalt ...

Inductive algorithms rely strongly on their representational biases, Constructive induction can mitigate representational inadequacies. This paper introduces the notion of a relative gain measure and describes a new constructive induction algorithm (GALA) which is independent of the learning algorithm. Unlike most previous research on constructive induction, our methods are designed as preproce...

The high elevation, complex topography, and unique atmospheric circulations of the Tibetan Plateau (TP) make its optical turbulence characteristics different from those in low-elevation regions. In this study, refractive index structure constant (Cn2) profiles Lhasa area at strength states Asian summer monsoon anticyclone (ASMA) are analyzed based on precious situ sounding data measured over Au...

The machine learning algorithms can be divided into two general types: non-incremental that processes all training examples at once and incremental that handles examples one by one. This paper describes the multi-layer incremental inference algorithm (MLII) [1] based on the non-incremental inductive inference algorithm CN2 [2]. In original, the MLII algorithm used linked with the non-incrementa...

Random turbulence fluctuations cause continuous in the refractive index, which will eliminate coherence of light waves. Research into atmospheric is fact an investigation index. The constant structure represents a significant parameter that indicative strength turbulence. In present study, performance some standard models, such as Hufnagel-Valley 5/7, Sub-mission Laser Communication, Critical E...

Red transparent single crystals of Ba9[NbN4]2O[CN2] were synthesised by the reaction of BaO coated Ba metal, C and Nb powder in arc-welded Nb ampoules at 1300 K. The title compound was characterised by X-ray single crystal diffraction (P1̄, a = 799.05(2), b = 962.61(2) and c = 1264.38(4) pm; α = 75.859(1), β = 85.745(1) and γ = 87.8621(8)◦; Z = 2) and Raman spectroscopy (νsym = 1234 and δ = 632/...

The atmospheric optical turbulence profile, the strength of the turbulence as a function of altitude above the ground, can be used to determine the seeing statistics of a particular site. This information is useful for optimizing the tomographic process in Adaptive Optics systems and for characterizing the performance. In this paper, we describe a method to estimate the atmospheric turbulence p...