A sustainable alternative to fossil fuels is biomass. The design of cost-efficient biomass networks necessary compete with nonrenewable resources. creation integrated supply chain (BSC) network models and solution procedures can contribute the achievement this goal. In particular, emerging bioenergy industry must take advantage economies scale in transportation minimize final product’s cost. Hu...

The co-firing of solid biofuels in coal plants is an attractive and fast-track means cutting emissions but its potential linked to biomass densification. For torrefied materials this topic under-represented literature. This pilot-scale (121–203 kg h−1) pelleting study generated detailed knowledge on the densification compared untreated biomass. Four feedstock with high supply availability (beec...

• Microalgae biomass-based catalytic hydrochar for co-firing applications. Catalytic hydrothermal carbonization to produce high-quality biofuel blends. Increased greenhouse gas emission reduction potentials. Enhanced decarbonization can be reached by using 43.9% ratio. Fossil fuel partial substitution and efficiency improvement low-carbon energy. This work aims improve the synthesis of renewabl...