objective(s):a growing interest has recently been attracted towards the identification of plant-based medications including those with protective effects against cognitive impairment. sesamol has shown promising antioxidant and neuroprotective effects, therefore, we aimed to evaluate its therapeutic potential in epilepsy which is commonly associated with oxidative stress and cognitive impairmen...

Brain radiotherapy is frequently used successfully to treat brain tumors. However, radiotherapy is often associated with declines in short-term and long-term memory, learning ability, and verbal fluency. We previously identified a downregulation of the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) following cranial irradiation in experimental animals. In the present study, we investigated whether ta...

Cranial irradiation in children and adults often results in irreversible hypopituitarism. The earliest and most common endocrine abnormality is GH deficiency, often followed by other pituitary hormone deficits. We investigated whether a similar pattern of progressive hypopituitarism could be reproduced in an animal model. Different doses of cranial irradiation were delivered to the hypothalamo-...

AIMS Redox homeostasis is critical in regulating the fate and function of multipotent cells in the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we investigated whether low dose charged particle irradiation could elicit oxidative stress in neural stem and precursor cells and whether radiation-induced changes in redox metabolism would coincide with cognitive impairment. RESULTS Low doses (<1 Gy) of char...

Therapeutic irradiation of the brain is associated with a number of adverse effects, including cognitive impairment. Although the pathogenesis of radiation-induced cognitive injury is unknown, it may involve loss of neural precursor cells from the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the hippocampal dentate gyrus and alterations in new cell production (neurogenesis). Young adult male C57BL mice received w...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cranial irradiation may lead to accelerated atherosclerosis over several years. Stroke has been described after cranial irradiation administered for a number of conditions. However, pituitary irradiation has only rarely been associated with stroke. CASE DESCRIPTIONS Two patients, 39 and 46 years of age, suffered strokes 13 and 20 years, respectively, after irradiation f...

The first cohorts to survive childhood lymphoid malignancies treated with cranial irradiation are now aging into adulthood, and concerns are growing about the development of radiotherapy-induced cognitive deficits in the aging brain. These deficits are hypothesized to increase over time. Their impact on daily functioning of older survivors, and the accompanying need for interventions, should be...

BACKGROUND Deficits in cognitive function are a well-known dysfunction in survivors of cardiac arrest. However, data concerning memory function in this neurological vulnerable patient collective remain scarce and inconclusive. Therefore, we aimed to assess multiple aspects of retrospective and prospective memory performance in patients after cardiac arrest. METHODS We prospectively enrolled 3...

L-carnitine (LC) protects cells from peroxidative damage. In this study, we tested whether L-carnitine (LC) prevents radiation-induced cochlear damage after total cranial irradiation (radiotherapy; RT). Male albino guinea pigs were randomly distributed in 3 groups. The Control group (n = 11) received neither LC nor irradiation, but saline solution ip and sham irradiation for 5 days. The RT grou...