BACKGROUND Whole-brain N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), a measure of neuronal function, can be assessed by multislice echo-planar spectroscopic imaging. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that the global brain NAA/creatine (Cr) ratio is a better predictor of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis than conventional magnetic resonance imaging measures. DESIGN Survey. SETTING Research-oriented h...

BACKGROUND Mentally impaired and demented nursing home patients are at increased risk of undertreatment for pain. We wanted to examine pain assessment and complaints and pain treatment of nursing home patients according to mental state, and with special regard to treatment of patients with dementia diagnosis and cognitively impaired patients who did not have a dementia diagnosis. METHODS Cros...

Reliability and validity of the SF-36 Health Survey Questionnaire was assessed in older rehabilitation patients, comparing cognitively impaired with cognitively normal subjects. The SF-36 was administered by face-to-face interview to 314 patients (58-93 years) in the day hospital and rehabilitation wards of a department of medicine for the elderly. Reliability was measured using Cronbach's alph...

Abstract Research and practice in task-based language teaching (TBLT) as a cognitively oriented second (L2) pedagogy have grown substantially over the last three decades. A concurrent development education that thrives along sociocultural paradigm, translanguaging, is also gaining great traction due to its potential helping form holistic communicative repertoire among L2 learners. Despite their...

I have argued (Raftopoulos, 2009, 2014) that early vision is not directly affected by cognition since its processes do not draw on cognition as an informational resource; early vision processes do not operate over cognitive contents, which is the essence of the claim that perception is cognitively penetrated; early vision is cognitively impenetrable. Recently it has been argued that there are c...

In demented patients, depressive symptoms as well as cognition and clinical comorbidities can interact and induce a complex condition of severity and handicap. Objective The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of depressive symptoms in cognitively impaired patients on associated clinical comorbidities in geriatric patients. Methods One-hundred-thirty-eight (138) patients w...