Exploring the associations between genetic polymorphisms of metabolic enzymes and susceptibility to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH)-induced chromosomal damage is of great significance for understanding PAH carcinogenesis. Cytochrome P450, glutathione S-transferase, microsomal epoxide hydrolase, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase, and N-acetyltransferase are PAH-metabolizing enzymes. In this s...

BACKGROUND The incidence of hospital admissions for respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in areas close to operating coke works in England and Wales was investigated. METHODS A small area study using distance from source as a proxy for exposure was undertaken in subjects aged 65 or over and children under 5 years within 7.5 km of four coke works (1991 estimated populations 87 760 and 43 93...

The run length of cracking furnaces is limited by the formation of coke on the internal skin of the reactor tubes. The reaction mechanism of thermal cracking of hydrocarbons is generally accepted as free-radical chain reactions. On the basis of the plant output data and the insight in the mechanisms for coke formation in pyrolysis reactors, a kinetic model describing the coke formation has been...

Different g-C3N4 composite systems (coke carbon/g-C3N4, Bi/Bi2WO6/g-C3N4 and Bi/Bi2MoO6/g-C3N4) have been assessed as photocatalysts for wastewater pollutants removal. The coke carbon/g-C3N4 hybrid, produced by thermal treatment at 550 °C of a composite made from melamine cyanurate and coke, only showed activity under UV-light irradiation. On the other hand, inorganic Bi spheres/Bi mixed oxides...

The catalytic dehydrogenation (DH) and oxidative dehydrogenation (ODH) of light alkanes are of significant industrial importance. In this work both carbonaceous material deposited on VOx/Al2O3 catalysts during reaction and unsupported carbon nanofibres (CNFs) are shown to be active for the dehydrogenation of butane in the absence of gas-phase oxygen. Their activity in these reactions is shown t...

Introduction FCC decant oil is the primary feedstock to delayed coker to produce needle coke, a premium carbon precursor to synthetic graphite electrodes. Mesophase development during coking, determines the graphitizability of the needle coke product. Mesophase development, in turn, depends on the molecular composition of the feedstocks [1,2]. In a commercial delayed coking unit, liquid-phase c...

Monolithic catalysts derived from in situ supported hydrotalcite-like films on Al wires display high resistance to coke formation and sintering in the dry reforming of methane due to their hierarchical porous structure, well dispersed metallic nickel species, more basic sites and strong metal-support interaction effect.

AIMS To investigate whether current occupational exposure of coke oven workers to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) results in genotoxic effects measured in peripheral blood lymphocytes and whether these biomarkers are associated with the biomarkers of exposure. METHODS Blood and urine samples were collected immediately after a shift at the end of a working week from 50 coke oven worker...

Due to the recent increase of natural gas production in the U.S., utilizing natural gas for higher-value chemicals has become imperative. Direct methane aromatization (DMA) is a promising process used to convert methane to benzene, but it is limited by low conversion of methane and rapid catalyst deactivation by coking. Past work has shown that membrane separation of the hydrogen produced in th...

Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) are quite interesting because they exhibit high catalytic activity, high selectivity and high efficiency in fuel cells [1, 2]. However the coke-formation takes place in these NPs involving chemical reactions. For instance the CO2 reforming of methane gas in the presence of Ni NPs leads to the formation of coke containing predominantly the carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [3...