BACKGROUND The sellar and parasellar region is an area where many heterogenous neoplastic, inflammatory, developmental and vascular pathologies can occur. Differentiation among various diseases may be not easy, because many of these lesions could mimic the clinical, endocrinologic and radiologic features of pituitary adenomas, which can be the cause of possible misdiagnosis. CASE REPORT We re...

BACKGROUND We report a rare case of synchronous occurrence of thyroglossal duct cyst carcinoma and thyroid carcinoma and discuss its management in detail. METHODS A 59-year-old woman was clinically diagnosed to have a thyroglossal duct cyst and a solitary nodule. Fine-needle aspiration cytology revealed a papillary carcinoma in the thyroglossal duct cyst and a colloid in the thyroid nodule. S...

Using data from a birth defects registry, this study examined the epidemiology of hydrocephaly in Hawaii during 1986--2000. There were 294 cases of hydrocephaly, resulting in a rate of 10.4 per 10,000 live births. The hydrocephaly rate was lower with increased maternal age and female sex and higher with lower birth weight, lower gestational age, and multiple gestation pregnancy.

A 46-year-old female presented to the emergency department after two episodes of new-onset generalized tonic clonic seizures. She was lethargic and mildly confused with a blood pressure of 143/ 84 mm Hg, pulse of 69/min, oral temp of 36.68C (97.98F), respiratory rate of 14/min, and saturation of 93% on room air. She complained of mild headaches but had no nausea and vomiting. There were no foca...

X-linked hydrocephaly is a rare sex-linked genetic recessive condition occurring in 1/30,000 deliveries. Adduction of thumbs and mental retardation are additional associated clinical findings. We describe two cases of X-linked hydrocephaly with associated adducted thumbs that were diagnosed prenatally with the combined use of three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound and fetal blood sampling for cytoge...

BACKGROUND Colloid cysts are usually benign brain tumors, which rarely cause acute neurological deterioration with sudden death due to an acute increase of intracranial pressure. So far, the final pathophysiology and clinical signs of impending death are unclear in this context. AIM We present a case of an adolescent who presented with symptoms similar to gastroenteritis. RESULTS He unexpec...

Colloid cysts are usually located in third ventricle and are believed to be derived from either primitive neuroepithelium or endoderm. Patients may remain asymptomatic for long time while some can present with paroxysmal headache, gait disturbance, nausea, vomiting, behavioral changes, weaknesses of lower limbs, impaired memory, new learning disability and sudden death. Computed tomography usua...

(also called neuroepithelial cysts) are relatively rare i n t r a c r a n i a l lesions located in the rostral aspect of the third ventricle. They comprise approximately 0.5–1% of primary brain tumours. They occur with equal frequency in men and women. Most reported cases occur in the third to fifth decades of life.1 Although colloid cysts are histologically benign, they may obstruct the forami...