'Vr The Commissioners sent out by the English Government to investigate, in concert with SurgeonGeneral J. M. Cuningham ̂ nd Dr. D. D. Cunningham, the nature of cholera, and more especially the etiological significance of Koch's comma-bacillus, have terminated their inquiry and returned home again. -Before leaving this country they published a preliminary report which we reproduce elsewhere. In ...

This paper studies textual inference by investigating comma structures, which are highly frequent elements whose major role in the extraction of semantic relations has not been hitherto recognized. We introduce the problem of comma resolution, defined as understanding the role of commas and extracting the relations they imply. We show the importance of the problem using examples from Textual En...

We study the feasibility of identifying comma locations using both n-gram models and stochastic contextfree grammars (SCFGs). Specifically, our algorithms take an input sentence without commas and returns the positions where commas should be inserted, along with probability or confidence estimates. This can be generalized to correcting comma placement with minor modifications. However, we focus...

The curved, comma, or bent shape of Vibrio cholerae is attributed to, and explained by, the normal helical growth of the cell. The comma-like shape of V. cholerae is not due to an asymmetrical positioning of peptidoglycan such that some chains of peptidoglycan are placed so they are more spread out on one side of the cell and squeezed together on the other side.

Many specialist species are declining as a result of habitat loss and fragmentation, such that conservation actions typically aim to stem rates of decline rather than bring about genuine recovery. Here, we document the recovery of a species from former population refuges. An extensive survey of the entire British range ofHesperia comma, conducted in 2000, recorded over three times the number of...