In this paper, a Lotka–Volterra (L-V) competitor–competitor–mutualist system with time-varying delays is studied. Some dynamical behaviors of the considered are investigated. Firstly, we obtain boundedness, permanence and periodic solution using comparison principle differential equations inequality estimation method. Then, global attractiveness analyzed by multiple Lyapunov functionals. Meanwh...

Motivated by the donation subsidy policy, this paper studies a supply chain consisting of manufacturer and remanufacturer. The sells new remanufactured products can also donate two products. remanufacturer only sell Using Stackelberg game model, we investigate optimal production strategies competing firms discuss how policy affects these strategies. Our main results include following: First, ar...

Bundling, which is the practice of selling two or more products or services in a package, is a pervasive marketing practice and is often used as a strategic competitive tool. However, there has not been enough consideration of competitive bundling situations where exit of a competitor is not a concern. In this paper, we address this issue by identifying conditions under which strategic competit...

design IRT embodies a view of induction as a four-phase process (shown in Figure 1). The process alters a current model by generating a group of new competitor models, fitting those competitor models to data, comparing the competitors to each other, and then testing the statistical significance of the competitors. The process is iterative — it can be repeated until no competitor can be found th...

Female and male rats are often described as having a promiscuous mating strategy, yet simple Pavlovian conditioning paradigms, in which a neutral odor or strain-related cues are paired with preferred sexual reward states during an animal's first sexual experiences, shift this strategy toward copulatory and mate preferences for partners bearing the familiar odor or strain cue. We examined whethe...