The submodule construction problem (SCP) as stated and formulated by Merlin and Bochmann [P. Merlin, G.V. Bochmann, On the construction of submodule specification and communication protocols, ACM Trans. Prog. Lang. Sys., 5(1) (1983) 1–25] is considered: given the specification of a system (module) and that of its n 2 1 submodules, determine the specification of the nth submodule that together w...

let $r$ be a commutative ring with identity and let $m$ be an $r$-module. a proper submodule $p$ of $m$ is called strongly prime submodule if $(p + rx : m)ysubseteq p$ for $x, yin m$, implies that $xin p$ or $yin p$. in this paper, we study more properties of strongly prime submodules. it is shown that a finitely generated $r$-module $m$ is artinian if and only if $m$ is noetherian and every st...

in this paper, we give a generalization of the integral dependence from rings to modules. we study the stability of the integral closure with respect to various module theoretic constructions. moreover, we introduce the notion of integral extension of a module and prove the lying over, going up and going down theorems for modules.

Let S be a locally compact foundation semigroup with identity and                          be its semigroup algebra. Let X be a weak*-closed left translation invariant subspace of    In this paper, we prove that  X  is invariantly  complemented in   if and  only if  the left ideal  of    has a bounded approximate identity. We also prove that a foundation semigroup with identity S is left amenab...

‎Let $R$ be a domain with quotiont field $K$‎, ‎and‎ ‎let $N$ be a submodule of an $R$-module $M$‎. ‎We say that $N$ is‎ ‎powerful (strongly primary) if $x,yin K$ and‎ ‎$xyMsubseteq N$‎, ‎then $xin R$ or $yin R$ ($xMsubseteq N$‎ ‎or $y^nMsubseteq N$ for some $ngeq1$)‎. ‎We show that a submodule‎ ‎with either of these properties is comparable to every prime‎ ‎submodule of $M$‎, ‎also we show tha...

let $n$ be a submodule of a module $m$ and a minimal primary decomposition of $n$ is known‎. ‎a formula to compute baer's lower nilradical of $n$ is given‎. ‎the relations between classical prime submodules and their nilradicals are investigated‎. ‎some situations in which semiprime submodules can be written as finite intersection of classical prime submodule are stated‎.

in this paper, we find explicit solution to the operator equation$txs^* -sx^*t^*=a$ in the general setting of the adjointable operators between hilbert $c^*$-modules, when$t,s$ have closed ranges and $s$ is a self adjoint operator.

In this paper, all rings are associative with identity and all modules are unital left modules unless otherwise specified. Let R be a ring and M a module. N ≤M will mean N is a submodule of M. A submodule E of M is called essential in M (notation E ≤e M) if E∩A = 0 for any nonzero submodule A of M. Dually, a submodule S of M is called small in M (notation S M) if M = S+T for any proper submodul...

the paper deal with non-commutative geometry. the notion of quantumspheres was introduced by podles. here we define the quantum hermitianmetric on the quantum spaces and find it for the quantum spheres.