A gain graph is a graph whose oriented edges are labelled invertibly from a group G, the gain group. A gain graph determines a biased graph and therefore has three natural matroids (as shown in Parts I–II): the bias matroid G has connected circuits; the complete lift matroid L0 and its restriction to the edge set, the lift matroid L, have circuits not necessarily connected. We investigate repre...

Aim: This paper focus is to describe and evaluate the authors' personal technique for a simplified transpalpebral eyebrow lift. Methods: We performed surgery in 179 patients (95% females and 5% males) between years of 2008 and 2009. Initially, a thorough assessment of brow stability and symmetry was performed. To achieve desirable aesthetic we agreed upon the consensus that the eyebrow lateral ...

background and aim:  although there have been substantial developments in dental implant therapies, achieving good implant stability (isq >60) for implants inserted in augmented sinus sites appears to be challenging in comparison with non-augmented sites due to the high prevalence of bone resorption in posterior regions of maxilla. this study aimed to evaluate and compare the time required to a...

For a century, researchers have used the standard lift coefficient C(L) to evaluate the lift, L, generated by fixed wings over an area S against dynamic pressure, ½ρv(2), where v is the effective velocity of the wing. Because the lift coefficient was developed initially for fixed wings in steady flow, its application to other lifting systems requires either simplifying assumptions or complex ad...

Errata The following corrections should be made to the text: 8, Page is defined as the lift coefficient acting on the complete system but due solely to the rotation of the fla u/?and This is given as the difference between the CL at a given value of the CL with flap fixed (P = 45O). However, this value of C LR still includes the effect of the flap acting as an ordinary flap on the wing through ...

The basis of this work was to understand the generation of lift and thrust of a flapping biwing ornithopter, which is influenced by its geometrical, dynamic, kinematic and aerodynamic features by following a generic approach in order to identify and mimic the mechanisms. As further development of earlier work, three-dimensional rigid thin wing is considered in flapping and pitching motion using...