Purpose: This research will try to predict damage probability and calculate the main stress resulted from baton impacts by finite element (FE) modeling of the human head considering skull texture, brain and cerebrospinal fluid.Materials and Methods: A three dimensional FE model of the skull-brain complex was constructed for simulating the baton impact. The FE analysis was carried out using ANSY...

Polyvinylpyrrolidone/polyaniline emeraldine salt (PVP/PANI) with additives (TiO2, ZnO, NaCl, and Na2SO4) was synthesized via oxidative in situ polymerization. Because of using PVP/PANI as a protective membrane layer and its applications in an electrical device, we investigated the mechanical and rheological properties of PVP/PANI and other composites in orde...

little is known about the interaction of tissue conditioners and modeling plastics. this study evaluates the influence of a variety of commercial tissue conditioners on alteration of viscoelastic properties of modeling plastics.in this in vitro study, the dynamic viscoelastic properties of four commercially available tissue conditioners (tc), visco-gel (vg), gc soft-liner (sl), fitt (ft), and c...

We have measured the frequency-dependent shear modulus of entangled solutions of wormlike micelles by high-frequency microrheology and have compared the results with those from macrorheology experiments done on the same samples. Using optical microrheology based on laser interferometry we have measured loss and storage moduli over six decades in frequency up to about 100 kHz. We present data ov...

The ability to incorporate detailed geometry into finite element models has allowed researchers to investigate the influence of morphology on performance aspects of skeletal components. This advance has also allowed researchers to explore the effect of different material models, ranging from simple (e.g., isotropic) to complex (e.g., orthotropic), on the response of bone. However, bone's compli...

Cherkaev-Gibiansky and Hashin-Shtrikman variational principles are utilized in order to obtain rigorous bounds on the shear modulus of two-phase viscoelastic composites in three dimensions. The simplest class of bounding regions is composed of circles in the complex plane containing four points related to the viscoelastic moduli of the constituents. By taking the intersection of all such circle...

Thermoplastic epoxy resin (TPER)-based composites containing different amounts of ultra-fine cellulose (UFC) were prepared via melt compounding and injection molding. The effect of UFC loading on the mechanical properties and dynamic rheological behavior of the UFC-filled TPER composites was analyzed. The UFC-filled composites displayed higher complex viscosities than those of the neat TPER com...

We report measurements of the frequency-dependent complex shear modulus of semidilute F-actin solutions based on optical observations of the thermally-excited motion of monodisperse tracer microspheres. Because the tracer spheres cause incident laser light to be strongly scattered, we determine their average motion using diffusing wave spectroscopy (DWS). From the measured mean square displacem...

To facilitate pavement design, the new proposed mechanistic-empirical pavement design guide recommends the resilient modulus to characterize subgrade soil and its use for calculating pavement responses attributable to traffic and environmental loading. Although resilient modulus values could be determined through laboratory testing of actual subgrade soil samples, such testing would require sig...