The aim of this paper is to discuss the use of robots for upper limb rehabilitation following strokes in adults. We describe the main robots currently being developed and the results of clinical studies that have been carried out. The association of virtual reality interfaces and the robotic rehabilitation programs providing therapy in the form of games with a view to helping therapists increas...

Watermarking is done in digital images for authentication and to restrict its unauthorized usages. Watermarking is sometimes invisible and can be extracted only by authenticated party. Encrypt a text or information by public – private key from two fuzzy matrix and embed it in image as watermark. In this paper we proposed two fuzzy compositions Product-Mod-Minus, and Compliment-Product-Minus. Em...

Recent studies find ample evidence that monetary and immaterial gifts influence effort in the workplace. We investigate the impacts of monetary gift exchange and of expressions of respect on salespersons’ reciprocity when purchasing doner durum, a common lunch snack. Prior to the food’s preparation, we either induce monetary gift exchange by tipping or explore the role of respect by making a co...

among topics in the field of pragmatics, some seem to be in a more rigorous need of investigation. pragmatic assessment and specifically the issue of pragmatic rating are among issues which deserve more thorough consideration. the purpose of this study was to examine rater criteria and its consistency and variability in the assessment of iranian efl learners’ production of compliments based on ...