DNA fingerprints led to the identification of closely related plant species and it is one of the tool for assessing genetic diversity and species relationship. DNA is most stable and does not vary seasonally and with age of the plant. DNA based fingerprinting techniques plays greater role in authentication of botanicals. This review gives an outline about the importance of DNA fingerprinting, D...

Several genetic loci have been utilized to genotype isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A shortcoming of the most commonly used method, IS6110 fingerprinting, is that it does not adequately discriminate between isolates having few copies of IS6110. This study was undertaken to compare pTBN12 fingerprinting of polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence genes and spoligotyping of the direct repe...

Fingerprinting schemes deter people from illegally redistributing digital data by enabling the original merchant of the data to identify the original buyer of a redistributed copy. Recently, asymmetric fingerprinting schemes were introduced. Here, only the buyer knows the fingerprinted copy after a sale, and if the merchant finds this copy somewhere, he obtains a proof that it was the copy of t...

TCP/IP fingerprinting is the active or passive collection of information usually extracted from a remote computer’s network stack. The combination of such information can be then used to infer the remote operating system (OS fingerprinting). OS fingerprinting is traditionally based on a database of “signatures”. A signature comprises several features (i.e., pairs attribute/value) extracted from...

evaluation of genetic diversity is a considerable approach to screen within indigenous rhizobial population for compatible, highly effective strains, which can be further utilized as rhizobial inoculums. genetic diversity of rhizobium isolates from three clover species grown in soil samples of seven different geographical regions in iran was investigated by repetitive extra genomic palindromic ...

This paper describes a robust watermarking algorithm and a collusion-secure fingerprinting scheme based on it. Watermarking robustness is obtained by using the JPEG algorithm to decide mark location and magnitude; the proposed algorithm supports multiple marking. The properties of dual binary Hamming codes are exploited to obtain a fingerprinting scheme secure against collusion of two buyers. T...