A classification of four possible routes of Darwinian evolution is presented. These are serial direct evolution, parallel direct evolution, elimination of functional redundancy, and adoption from a different function. This classification provides a conceptual framework within which to investigate the accessibility by Darwinian evolution of complex biological structures.

This paper describes a qualitative methodology for comparing and analyzing classification schemes. Theoretical facets are modeled as concept lattices in the sense of formal concept analysis and are used as 'ground' on which the underlying conceptual facets of a classification scheme are visually represented as 'figures'.

The notion of conceptual structure in cellular automata (CA) rules that perform the density classification task (DCT) was introduced by Marques-Pita et al. (2006). Here we investigate the role of process-symmetry in CAs that solve the DCT, in particular the idea of conceptual similarity, which defines a novel search space for CA rules. We report on two new highest-performing process symmetric r...

Independent component analysis (ICA) has been used for detecting and removing the eye artifacts conventionally. However, in this research, it was used not only for detecting the eye artifacts, but also for detecting the brain-produced signals of two conceptual danger and information category words. In this cross-sectional research, electroencephalography (EEG) signals were recorded using Microm...

Classification is a means to facilitate communication among actors in a field of practice. In the construction sector classification plays a major role in specifications, structuring of documents, calculation of costs, etc. The need for general classification systems grows with the increased internationalisation of the construction market and the rapid development towards a computer integrated ...

This paper focuses on the linguistic analysis of economic information in French and English documents. Our objective is to establish domain-specific information schemes based on structural and conceptual information. At the structural level, we define linguistic triggers that take into account each language's specificity. At the conceptual level, analysis of concepts and relations between conce...

The abstraction mechanisms of Semantic Data Models aggregation, classification and generalization are considered the basic features to be supported by conceptual languages, i.e., programming languages with high-level constructs for database applications. This paper shows that conceptual languages should also provide a modularization mechanism as another feature to achieve a more adequate databa...

In this paper we present a cognitively inspired system for the representation of conceptual information in an ontology-based environment. It builds on the heterogeneous notion of concepts in Cognitive Science and on the so-called dual process theories of reasoning and rationality, and it provides a twofold view on the same artificial concept, combining a classical symbolic component (grounded o...

People interpret noun-noun compounds like “wind power” by inferring a relational link between the compound’s two constituent concepts. Various studies have examined how people select the best relation for a compound from a set of candidate relations. However, few studies have investigated how people learn such relations in the first place. This paper describes an experiment examining how people...

SEED is a multidisciplinary project intended to provide support for the early phases of building design. SEED-Config is the module of SEED that focuses on the generation of the 3-dimensional configuration of spatial and physical building components. The architecture of SEED-Config consists of four software modules: a design information repository; a design knowledge manager; a classification re...