OBJECTIVE To evaluate the rate of abnormal results of repeated screening tests for gestational diabetes mellitus when initial tests were normal and related factors. SUBJECTS Six hundred women who had clinical risk factors for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) who attended the antenatal care clinic at Siriraj Hospital before 24 weeks of gestation, between January and June 2005 were recruited...

Body fluid identification plays an important role in forensic investigations both for directing the course of further inquiries, as well as in contributing to the evidence in a case. Yet current methods for body fluid detection vary widely in sensitivity, reproducibility, speed, cost and above all specificity – i.e. their ability to confirm that test results are conclusive, in addition many tes...

Combining items into parcels in confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) can improve model estimation and fit. Because adequate model fit is imperative for CFA tests of measurement invariance, parcels have frequently been used. However, the use of parcels as indicators in a CFA model can have detrimental effects on tests of measurement invariance of factor loadings. Using simulated data with a known ...

BACKGROUND Rapid HIV assays are the mainstay of HIV testing globally. Delivery of effective biomedical HIV prevention strategies such as antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) requires periodic HIV testing. Because rapid tests have high (>95%) but imperfect specificity, they are expected to generate some false positive results. METHODS We assessed the frequency of true and false posit...

background and aims: hiv is spreading rapidly among people word wide. infection with this virus leads to immune suppression and finally acquired immune deficiency syndrome (aids).early hiv detection is depended on antibody screening against virus by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (elisa).some confirmatory tests such as western blot and recombinant immunobloting assay (riba), are used to veri...

BACKGROUND In 2009, there were 8273 local screening laboratories, 254 confirmatory laboratories, 35 provincial confirmatory central laboratories and 1 National AIDS Reference Laboratory (NARL) in China. These laboratories were located in Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) facilities, hospitals, blood donation clinics, maternal and child health (MCH) hospitals and border health quar...

BACKGROUND Toxoplasma specific IgM antibodies; the common serologic marker in diagnosis of acute toxoplasmosis has its own limitations. Confirmatory testing with other markers, introduced as a complementary tool in distinguish acute and chronic infections is unusual in Iran. In the present study, we investigated the correlation between the results of IgM ELISA, IgA ELISA, and IgG avidity tests ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the cost and time to diagnosis associated with several screening strategies for diabetes in women with histories of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We simulated screening for diabetes with fasting plasma glucose (FPG), a 2-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and A1C annually, every 2 years, and every 3 years over a period of 12 years. We...

BACKGROUND HIV infection remains a major US public health concern. While HIV-infected individuals now benefit from earlier diagnosis and improved treatment options, progress is tempered by large numbers of newly diagnosed patients who are lost to follow-up prior to disease confirmation and linkage to care. METHODOLOGY In the randomized, controlled USHER trial, we offered rapid HIV tests to pa...

Recent factor analyses of the Mattis Dementia Rating Scale (DRS; S. Mattis, 1973) have questioned the validity of its subscales, raising questions regarding their interpretation. This study examined the measurement structure of the standard DRS and of an abbreviated DRS form in a homogenous sample of 171 patients with Alzheimer's disease using (a) confirmatory factor analysis and (b) correlatio...