The widespread application of confocal laser scanning microscopy has revolutionized biological imaging. We have developed a protocol for using confocal microscopy to examine the development of wild type and mutant Arabidopsis thaliana, overcoming the technical difficulties associated with examining whole-mounted plant tissue. This allowed us to rapidly determine the underlying cellular defects ...

For a liquid droplet to slide down a solid planar surface, the surface usually has to be tilted above a critical angle of approximately 10°. By contrast, droplets of nearly any liquid "slip" on lubricant-infused textured surfaces - so termed slippery surfaces - when tilted by only a few degrees. The mechanism of how the lubricant alters the static and dynamic properties of the drop remains elus...

background: multi-specie biofi lms are highly resistant to antimicrobials due to cellular interactions found in them. the purpose of this study was to evaluate, by confocal laser scanning microscopy, the biofi lm dissolution effectiveness of different irrigant solutions on biofi lms developed on infected dentin in situ. materials and methods: a total of 120 bovine dentin specimens infected intr...