as wireless networks with high data rate get widely deployed, improving the performance of tcp over these networks plays vital role. wireless link losses have dramatic adverse impact on tcp performance due to the difficulty in distinguishing the congestion losses from wireless link losses. we first, studied the various existing bandwidth estimation algorithms over the wireless networks. in this...

TCP Westwood (TCPW) is a sender-side only modification of TCP Reno congestion control, which exploits end-to-end bandwidth estimation to properly set the values of slow-start threshold and congestion window after a congestion episode. This paper aims at showing via both mathematical modeling and extensive simulations that TCPW significantly improves fair sharing of high-speed networks capacity ...

Congestion indicates an economic state where inputs are overly invested. Evidence of congestion occurs whenever reducing some inputs can increase outputs. In this paper, we present a new model to identify and evaluate congestion in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). We use output efficient DMUs to construct our proposed model to evaluate congestion. We also proposed a linear inequality and equali...

There is still doubt about how to accurately distinguish the objective and subjective factors that affect traffic congestion. This study aims re-examine role of socioeconomic governance policies in variation urban congestion from a global perspective at macro-social development level. The heterogeneous characteristics index under influence changes variations social–economic are distinguished th...

Traffic congestion varies spatially and temporally. The observation of the formation, propagation and dispersion of network traffic congestion can lead to insights about the network performance, the bottleneck dynamics etc. While many researchers use the traffic flow data to reconstruct the congestion profile, the data missing problem is bypassed. Current methods either omit the missing data or...

The Quantized Congestion Notification (QCN) is a Layer 2 congestion control scheme for Carrier Ethernet data center networks. The QCN has been standardized as an IEEE 802.1Qau Ethernet Congestion Notification standard. This paper report a results of a QCN study with multicast traffic and proposes an enhancement to the QCN. In fact, in order to be able to scale up, the feedback implosion problem...

The purpose of this study is to clarify the effect of direct-interrupting surgery on gastric mucosal congestion in patients with esophageal varices. Fifteen such patients underwent endoscopy in the preoperative, early postoperative and late postoperative periods. The index of local blood volume (lHb) and that of oxygen saturation (1802) were endoscopically measured using a tissue reflectance sp...