We present a novel way to extract continuum fields from discrete particle systems that is applicable to flowing mixtures as well as boundaries and interfaces. The mass and momentum balance equations for mixed flows are expressed in terms of the partial densities, velocities, stresses and interaction terms for each constituent. Expressions for these variables in terms of the microscopic quantiti...

An inhibitory ternary system contains two terms in its free energy: the interface energy that favors micro-domain growth and the longer ranging confinement energy that prevents unlimited spreading. In a parameter regime where two constituents are small in size compared to the third constituent and the longer ranging energy does not dominate, there is a double bubble like stable critical point o...

We report room temperature electroluminescence of tensile-strained germanium microdisks. The strain is transferred into the microdisks using silicon nitride stressors. Carrier injection is achieved with Schottky contacts on n-type doped germanium. We show that a biaxial tensile-strain up to 0.72% can be transferred by optimizing the carrier injection profile. The transferred strain is measured ...

Changes to somatic sensory pathways caused by peripheral tissue, inflammation or injury can result in behavioral hypersensitivity and pathological pain, such as hyperalgesia. Resveratrol, a plant polyphenol found in red wine and various food products, is known to have several beneficial biological actions. Recent reports indicate that resveratrol can modulate neuronal excitability, including no...

A ternary inhibitory system contains two terms in its free energy: the interface energy that favors micro-domain growth and the longer ranging confinement energy that prevents unlimited spreading. In a parameter regime where two constituents are small in size compared to the third constituent and the longer ranging energy does not dominate, there is a double-bubble-like stable stationary point ...

In the present work, study of the vibration of a functionally graded (FG) cylindrical shell made up of stainless steel, zirconia, and nickel is presented. Free vibration analysis is presented for FG cylindrical shells with simply supported-simply supported and clamped–clamped boundary condition based on temperature independent material properties. The equations of motion are derived by Hamilton...

We construct certain higher order smooth positon and breather solutions of an extended nonlinear Schrödinger equation with the cubic quartic nonlinearity. utilize generalized Darboux transformation method to aforementioned solutions. The three well-known equations, namely equation, Hirota are sub-cases considered equation. which we more general. analyze how constituent equations get modified by...

In this paper, the influence of the constituent volume fractions by changing the values of the power-law exponent with uniform pressure on the vibration frequencies of reinforced functionally graded cylindrical shells is studied. The FGM shell with ring is developed in accordance to the volume fraction law from two constituents namely stainless steel and nickel. These constituents are graded th...

A polycrystalline plasticity model, which incorporates the contribution of deformation twinning, is proposed. For this purpose, each material point treated as a composite consisting parent constituent and multiple twin variants. In constitutive equations, volume fractions their spatial gradients are external state variables to account for boundaries free energy. The set relations implemented in...

This is a review paper containing the governing equations and analytical solutions of classical shear deformation theories functionally graded straight beams. The classical, first-order, third-order account for through-thickness variation two-constituent material, modified couple stress (i.e., strain gradient), von Kármán nonlinearity. Analytical bending linear theories, some which are not read...