When the degree of intersections A∩B of events A,B is unknown arises a problem: how to evaluate the probability P(A ∩ B) and P(A ∩B) from P(A) and P(B). To treat related problems two models of valuation: interval and paired probabilities are proposed. It is shown that the valuation corresponding to the set operations ∩ (intersection), ∪ (union) and ∼ (complement) can be described by the truth f...

An efficient chiral squaramide-catalysed enantioselective Michael addition of pyrazolin-5-ones to 3-nitro-2H-chromenes for the synthesis of chiral heterocyclic systems containing both chroman and pyrazolone derivatives has been developed. This reaction afforded the desired products in high to excellent yields (up to 98%) with high enantioselectivities (up to 96%) and excellent diastereoselectiv...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Assessment of postpublication errors in peer-reviewed journals is difficult and the numbers and types are unknown. We reviewed published errata in major clinical imaging journals in an attempt to understand the numbers and sources of errors in published articles. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five clinical imaging journals with the highest IFs were searched on-line using the te...

An efficient method is described for the mild and rapid tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols using a catalytic amount of N-chlorosaccharin (1 mol %) and 3, 4-dihydro-2H-pyran under solvent-free condition at room temperature. Benzylic alcohols and phenols containing electron withdrawing or donating groups in various positions of phenyl ring, cinamyl alcohol, primary, ...

An efficient method is described for the mild and rapid tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols and phenols using a catalytic amount of N-chlorosaccharin (1 mol %) and 3, 4-dihydro-2H-pyran under solvent-free condition at room temperature. Benzylic alcohols and phenols containing electron withdrawing or donating groups in various positions of phenyl ring, cinamyl alcohol, primary, ...

This paper describes a system for discriminating between factual and non-factual contexts, trained on weakly labeled data by taking advantage of information implicit in annotations of negated events. In addition to evaluating factuality detection in isolation, we also evaluate its impact on a system for event detection. The two components for factuality detection and event detection form part o...