OBJECTIVES The purpose of this study was to refine an accepted contaminated rat femur defect model to result in an infection rate of approximately 50%. This threshold will allow examination of treatments aimed at reducing infection in open fractures with less risk of type II error. METHODS Defects were created in the stablised femurs of anaethetised rats, contaminated with Staphylococcus aure...

Reports of infection by Clostridium sordellii associated with allograft transplantation have generated considerable interest. We report our experience in recognising clostridial contamination in cadaver donors of musculoskeletal tissue. Tissues obtained from 795 consecutive donors were excised using standard surgical techniques. Samples of blood and bone marrow were also obtained. Donors with c...

PURPOSE Bone collectors are used to harvest bone debris for grafting procedures during implant surgery. The particulate bone debris gathered through filtration has been frequently used in minor regenerative surgical procedures. Nevertheless, the biological potency of such grafts is still unclear. The objective of this study was to systematically review the use of bone collectors in implant dent...

The effect of the dosing vehicle (e.g., dough) on the ability of an in vitro gastrointestinal (IVG) method to predict relative bioavailable Pb associated with soil ingestion was evaluated. Bioaccessible Pb determined by the IVG method was compared with relative bioavailable Pb measured from dosing trials using juvenile swine for 18 contaminated soils ranging from 1270 to 14200 mg Pb kg(-1). Bio...

OBJECTIVE To determine if a dual-purpose bone graft can regenerate bone and reduce infection in highly contaminated bone critical size defects in rats. METHODS Biodegradable polyurethane (PUR) scaffolds were loaded with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vancomycin (Vanc). The release kinetics of the BMP-2 were tuned to take advantage of its mechanism of action (ie, an...

Abstract We examined the efficacy of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for removing humic contaminants from collagen extracted ancient bone. Humic must be removed to obtain reliable stable isotope values bone collagen, given that acids have consistently lower δ 13 C than collagen. The purpose our research was examine if EDTA treatment could effectively remove and thus serve as an alternati...

Excavated human bones are important materials for revealing information about ancient food, the environment and climate, origins of humans. Often, chemical composition biological characteristics have changed to varying degrees, which means that they contaminated cannot be used further analysis. Through research on correlation between excavated from a burial their state preservation, judging whe...

Pantoea agglomerans is a Gram-negative bacterium that infrequently infects humans. Most reports involving it are about infections in soft tissues or bone/joint caused by contamination from soil penetrating trauma vegetation, such as thorns and splinters. More frequently, found an opportunistic pathogen immunocompromised patients. It not rare to find of bacteremia sepsis intravenous fluid, paren...